köken: Inherited from Old East Slavic жестъкъ (žestŭkŭ), from Proto-Slavic *žestъkъ. Cognate to Old Church Slavonic жестъ (žestŭ, “hard”), жестѣти (žestěti, “to harden”). Also related to жесто́кий (žestókij, “cruel”).
köken: Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἄτεγκτος (átenktos, “not to be softened by water; hard-hearted”) for which see τέγγω (téngō, “moisten, soften”).
köken: Originally from regular classical adjective 厳し (kibishi, “tight, close, without gaps”), first cited to roughly 830. This earlier form later shifted conjugation patterns, from the so-called "-ku adjective" to the "-shiku adjective" pattern. The two conjugation types appear to have been in broadly free variation, with both forms developing the strict; severe senses in parallel. Historically, while…
çekim: karşılaştırma жорсткі́ший · üstünlük найжорсткі́ший
köken: Inherited from Old Ruthenian жесткий (žestkij), from Old East Slavic *жестъкъ (*žestŭkŭ), from Proto-Slavic *žestъkъ. The epenthetic 'r' might have arisen under the influence of шорстки́й (šorstkýj, “rough, rigid”), compare dialectal жестки́й (žestkýj). Cognate with Belarusian жо́рсткі (žórstki) and Russian жёсткий (žóstkij).
çekim: karşılaştırma по́-о́стри · üstünlük на́й-о́стри
köken: From Proto-Slavic *ostrъ.
Etimoloji
From Middle High German strenge, from Old High German strengi (“strong”), strangi, from Proto-Germanic *strangijaz (“tight, tense”), *strangaz, from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“taut”); related to Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“stiff”). Cognate with Dutch streng, English strong, Danish streng.