köken: From Middle High German īseren, īserīn, from Old High German īsarnīn, from Proto-Germanic *īsarnīnaz. Equivalent to Eiser (“iron”), older variant of Eisen + -en. Now reanalysable as Eisen (“iron”) + -ern, but historically eisern is itself one of the words that contributed to the development of this extended suffix -ern (see there).
aile: Eiserne Krone, eiserner Bestand, Eiserner Vorhang, eiserner Wille, Eisernes Kreuz, zum eisernen Bestand gehören
köken: Borrowed from Latin asperum, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”). The forms of the Spanish word and its Portuguese equivalent seem to indicate that they may be semi-learned or borrowed terms (the expected normal result aspro was found on rare occasions in Old Spanish documents). However, comparing it to similar cases of phonetic development in Spanish and Ibero-Romance (cf. árboles,…
sharp, tart (taste) · sour, pungent, bitter · rugged (terrain)
çekim: üstünlük asprissimo
eş: acerbo, acido, acre, agro, amaro, asprigno
köken: From Latin asperum (“rough”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”). Compare Spanish and Portuguese áspero (“rough”), French âpre, Romanian aspru.
köken: Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἄτεγκτος (átenktos, “not to be softened by water; hard-hearted”) for which see τέγγω (téngō, “moisten, soften”).
to be rough or coarse in texture · to be rough or coarse in manner · to be wild or desolate
köken: First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459. as Middle Korean 거츨다 (kechulta), from reconstructed Old Korean *kechil- (*kechil-), hypothesized on the evidence of proper noun alternation in the twelfth-century history Samguk sagi where the phonogramic sequence 居柒 (*kɨʌ t͡sʰiɪt̚) alternates with the logogram 萊 (“uncultivated”) in the names of places and individuals.
harsh, hard, strict, stern [with allative ‘to’ or (partitive +) kohtaan] (of a person or character, etc.) · harsh, sharp, fierce (e.g. of the weather, such as winter weather) · barren, austere, desolate (of a place, e.g. of a landscape)
çekim: karşılaştırma ankarampi · üstünlük ankarin
eş: kova, kova
zıt: lempeä
köken: Borrowed from Proto-Norse [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *angazaz (compare English anger, Swedish ånger). Cognate with Karelian ankara.
çekim: karşılaştırma asperior · üstünlük asperrimus
köken: Probably from a Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”), also present in Ancient Greek ἀσπίς (aspís, “shield”) and Hittite [script needed] (ḫasp-, “to cut down”).
köken: From Proto-Vietic *kəŋʔ. Compare Khmer កឹង (kəng) and Pacoh câng. Possibly related to nứng (“horny”), through an infixed form. Similarities to Chinese 勁 (OC *keŋ-s) (SV: kình, kính), 強 (OC *N-kaŋ, *m-kaŋʔ) (SV: cường, cưỡng), 剛 (OC *kˤaŋ) (SV: cương), 堅 (OC *kˤi[ŋ]) (SV: kiên) are probably coincidental. The Austroasiatic words might also be borrowed from another source that gave rise to one of…
wide, thick (relatively great in extent from one surface to the opposite in its smallest dimension.) · wide, thick (measuring a certain number of units in this dimension.) · rough, harsh (not smooth)
çekim: karşılaştırma hrubší · üstünlük najhrubší
zıt: tenký, hladký, jemný, presný
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Slavic *grǫbъ Slovak hrubý Inherited from Proto-Slavic *grǫbъ.
Inherited from Old East Slavic жестъкъ (žestŭkŭ), from Proto-Slavic *žestъkъ. Cognate to Old Church Slavonic жестъ (žestŭ, “hard”), жестѣти (žestěti, “to harden”). Also related to жесто́кий (žestókij, “cruel”).