to denigrate (criticise so as to besmirch; traduce, disparage, or defame), to calumniate, to denounce · to blacken
çekim: geçmiş schwärzte an · ortaç angeschwärzt · şimdiki schwärzt an · ulaç anschwärzend
eş: schwärzen, denunzieren, petzen, verleumden, verpfeifen, verteufeln
zıt: weißwaschen
köken: an- + schwärzen
aile: Anschwärzer, Anschwärzung, anschwärzend, angeschwärzt
to lower; to reduce; to bring down · to come or go down; to descend · to humble oneself, demean oneself, stoop; abase, degrade, humiliate
çekim: geçmiş abaissé · ortaç abaissé · şimdiki abaisse · ulaç abaissant
eş: descendre, rabattre, replier, abâtardir, avilir, dégrader
zıt: élever, hausser, glorifier
köken: Inherited from Middle French, from Old French abaissier, from a (“to, towards”) + baissier (“to lower”). See Modern French à, baisser.
aile: abaissable, abaissant, abaissement, abaisseur m & adjective
to degrade, to debase
çekim: geçmiş degradé · ortaç degradado · şimdiki degrada
eş: degenerar, estropear, rebajar, humillar, pisotear
köken: From Ecclesiastical Latin degradāre, from Latin de- (“down, away from”) + gradus (“grade, step”).
to lower · to press down (on a pedal) · to dim (a light)
çekim: geçmiş abbassàto · ortaç abbassàto · şimdiki abbàssa · ulaç abbassànte
eş: attenuare, attutire, calare, chinare, contrarre, diminuire
zıt: alzare
köken: From a- + basso (“low”) + -are.
aile: abbassabile, abbassamento, abbassata, abbassatoio, abbassatura
to downplay · to underestimate · to mince (to suppress or weaken the force of something or someone)
çekim: geçmiş преуменьша́вший · ortaç преуменьша́вший · şimdiki преуменьша́ет · ulaç преуменьша́ющий
köken: преуме́ньшить (preuménʹšitʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ)
to lower; to cause to move downwards · to lower; to cause to become shorter · to lower; to reduce (the degree, intensity, strength, etc.)
çekim: geçmiş abaixei · ortaç abaixado · şimdiki abaixa
zıt: erguer, suspender, ampliar, amplificar, aumentar, engrandecer
köken: From Old Galician-Portuguese abaixar, from a- + baixo (“low”) + -ar, from Late Latin bassus (“low”).
aile: abaixa-língua, abaixa-luz
to debase, to degrade (to lower in quality or value)
çekim: geçmiş εξευτέλισα · ortaç έχοντας εξευτελίσει · şimdiki εξευτελίζει · ulaç εξευτελίζοντας
eş: μειώνω, ταπεινώνω, ρεζιλεύω, ντροπιάζω, διαπομπεύω
köken: Learned borrowing from Koine Greek ἐξευτελίζω (exeutelízō). By surface analysis, εξ- (ex-) + ευτελίζω (eftelízo).
belittle, underestimate, make light of · condemn, despise, look down on
çekim: geçmiş 侮った
zıt: 買い被る, おそれる, 敬う
köken: Possibly a shift from あなずる (anazuru) below.
子供を侮るな。
Korece낮추다 /na̠t̚t͡ɕʰuda̠/ to make it lower, bring down · to humble
çekim: geçmiş 낮추었다
zıt: 높이다
köken: First attested in the Guhwang chwaryo (救荒撮要 / 구황촬요), 1554, as Middle Korean ᄂᆞ초다 (Yale: nochwota). Causative form of 낮다 (natda, “to be low”).
주는 높은 나무를 낮추고 낮은 나무를 높이신다. (에스겔 17:24)
누구든지 자신을 높이는 이는 낮아지고, 자신을 낮추는 이는 높아질 것이다. (누가복음 14:11)
to shrink, to diminish, to reduce (make smaller or less in number) · to diminish (more abstractly) · to diminish, to belittle (someone)
çekim: geçmiş förminskade · ortaç förminskad · ulaç förminskande
köken: för- + minska (“decrease”)
Han förminskade texten
Befolkningen förminskades
Det förminskar inte din skönhet
to bagatellize, to belittle, to downplay, to play down, to diminish, to diminish
çekim: geçmiş bagatelizowano · şimdiki bagatelizuje
eş: lekceważyć, nie doceniać, olewać, lekceważyć, pomniejszać, umniejszać
köken: Etymology tree Polish bagatela Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor. Late Latin -izō Proto-Indo-European *h₂euh₁-der.? Proto-Slavic *-ovati Old Polish -ować Polish -ować Polish -izować Polish bagatelizować From bagatela + -izować.
to lower, downgrade, decrease, reduce, diminish · to slash, mark down, bring down (prices) · to degrade, demote, abase, humiliate (a person)
çekim: geçmiş alentanut · şimdiki alentaisi · ulaç alentava
zıt: ylentää
köken: alene- + -taa
aile: alentava, alennin, alennus, alentaminen, alentua
to blame, criticize · to defame, slander
çekim: geçmiş haněla · ortaç haněla · şimdiki haní
eş: kritizovat, pomlouvat
zıt: chválit
köken: Inherited from Old Czech haniti, haněti, from Proto-Slavic *ganiti. A cognate to Polish ganić.
to depreciate
çekim: geçmiş depreciat · ortaç depreciat · şimdiki depreciează
köken: Borrowed from French déprécier, from Latin depretio.
to denigrate, depreciate, disparage, belittle
çekim: geçmiş becsméreltek
köken: From becs (“value, worth, esteem”) + -m (instantaneous suffix) + -r (frequentative suffix) + -el.
aile: becsmérlés, lebecsmérel
to humiliate, demean · to humble
çekim: geçmiş ydmygede · ortaç ydmyget · ulaç ydmygende
köken: ydmyg + -e, from Old Danish øthmykæ, from Old Norse auðmýkja.
To undervalue
köken: From Norwegian Bokmål vurdere ned (“undervalue”).
to denigrate, to belittle
çekim: geçmiş denigrí · ortaç denigrat · şimdiki denigra
köken: Borrowed from Latin dēnigrāre (“to blacken”). First attested in 1408.
aile: denigració, denigrador, denigrant
to subdue, to humble · to humble oneself, to submit
çekim: geçmiş darostyngwyd · şimdiki darostyngo
köken: dar- + gostwng (“to bring low”).
aile: ymddarostwng
humble; abase, humiliate
çekim: geçmiş uiríslithe · ortaç uiríslithe · şimdiki uiríslíonn sé
köken: From Old Irish airísligid (“humbles”), from airísel (“very low”). By surface analysis, ur- + ísligh.
to humiliate
çekim: geçmiş auðmýkti
köken: From auð- (“easily-”) + mýkja (“to soften”). Compare Norwegian Nynorsk audmykja, Swedish ödmjuka and Danish ydmyge (whence also Norwegian Bokmål ydmyke).
aile: auðmýking, auðmýkandi
causative of պակասել (pakasel) · to diminish, decrease, lessen, reduce
çekim: geçmiş պակասեցնեի · şimdiki պակասեցնում է
köken: From Old Armenian պակասեցուցանեմ (pakasecʻucʻanem).