köken: Inherited from Proto-Turkic [Term?], further of uncertain origin. According to K. Nasyri, comes from earlier *tutka-, derived from *tut- (“to hold”). Related to тоқырау (toqyrau) Cognate with Bashkir туҡтау (tuqtaw), Kyrgyz токтоо (toktoo), Uzbek toʻxtamoq, Uyghur توختىماق (toxtimaq), Turkmen togtamak, Yakut тохтоо (toqtoo), Khakas тохтирға (toxtirğa, “to stop”).
to leave, allow, let, let go, let go of, drop, drop off, abandon
çekim: geçmiş άφησα · ortaç έχοντας αφήσει · şimdiki αφήνει · ulaç αφήνοντας
köken: From the mediaeval Byzantine Greek ἀφήνω (aphḗnō), a metaplasm of the aorist ἄφησα (áphēsa) of Ancient Greek ἀφίημι (aphíēmi, “to send away, permit”).
köken: First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 그치〮다〮 (Yale: kùchí-tá), originally the causative with -이- (-i-) of the intransitive verb 긏다〮 (Yale: kùch-tá, “to come to a stop”). The causative later replaced the original verb.
forms the third person imperative in the singular and plural; let, may · forms the first person imperative in the singular; used only with perfective verbs; let, may · expresses optative meaning; had better, may
eş: proszę (zob. uwagi)
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Balto-Slavic *ne Proto-Slavic *ne Proto-Slavic *xajati univ. Proto-Slavic *nexati Old Polish niechać Old Polish niechajclip. Old Polish niech Polish niech Inherited from Old Polish niech. By surface analysis, clipping of niechaj. Compare Czech nechť, Serbo-Croatian neka, Ukrainian неха́й (nexáj), and Upper Sorbian njech.
to be stopped, to stop · to be stuck, jammed, entangled · to falter
çekim: geçmiş अटकता · şimdiki अटकता है
köken: Hindi verb set अटकना (aṭaknā) अटकाना (aṭkānā) अटकवाना (aṭakvānā) Etymology tree Proto-New Indo-Aryan *𑀅𑀟𑀇 (*aḍaï) Hindi अटकना Inherited from Proto-New Indo-Aryan *अट्टक्कइ (aṭṭakkaï), from *𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀝- (*aṭṭa-) + -𑀓𑁆𑀓- (-kka-), related to Hindi अड़ना (aṛnā, “to be stubborn”). Ultimately probably derived from Dravidian. Cognate with Punjabi ਅਟਕਣਾ (aṭakṇā), Gujarati અટકવું (aṭakvũ), Marathi अडकणे…
to finish, complete · to cum, ejaculate, have an orgasm · to be through or done
çekim: geçmiş גָּמַרְתָּ
köken: Cognate with Akkadian 𒂵𒈠𒀸 (gamārum, “to bring to an end, to finish”) and Aramaic גמר / ܓܡܪ (“to complete, to perfect”). Compare Arabic جمر (“to collect, to cense”).