köken: From Middle High German bīspil, bīspel, from Old High German bīspel (“proverb", "example”), equivalent to bī- (“by-”) + spel (“talk”), the latter from Proto-Germanic *spellą (“news, message, tale”). Cognate with Old English bīspel (“proverb", "example”), English byspel (“example”). Unrelated to spielen (“to play”).
aile: beispielhaft, beispielsweise, zum Beispiel, Gegenbeispiel
köken: From Old French eschandillon (“standard”), from Old French eschandiller (“to verify the measures of merchants”), — a primarily Lyonnais word, from Latin scandaculum (“ladder”), from Latin scandere (“to climb”).
aile: échantillonnage, échantillonner, échantillonneur, juger de la pièce par l'échantillon
köken: From a Turkic source, possibly Azerbaijani ülgü (“pattern”). Compare with Turkish ülgü, Turkmen ülňi, Kyrgyz үлгү (ülgü), Kazakh үлгі (ülgı), Chuvash ӗлкӗ (ĕlk̬ĕ), Bashkir өлгө (ölgö), etc.
köken: From Proto-Turkic *ōy- (“to pick, peck”). Cognate with Old Turkic verb oj- ("to chisel"; "to make a deepening"). The nominal and verbal meanings o:j ~ o:j- are correlative with each other within known limits. The central meanings of o:j include: * 1) hollow, depression, pothole, ravine * 2) valley, immutability The central meanings of the verb o:j- are somewhat richer than the nominal meanings…
topic, subject, theme · reason, cause, grounds, justification · motif (recurring or dominant element in a work of art)
çekim: çoğul aiheet · tamlayan aiheen
köken: Probably via metathesis from ajaa (“to drive, pursue”) + -e (*ajeh), "that which spurs or drives on" > "reason". May also be inspired by aie. Another theory proposes a borrowing from an earlier (Pre-Germanic) form of Proto-Germanic *aiz (“copper, bronze”) (like *ajes- → *aješ > *ajeh), but the semantics and distribution make this questionable.
case, instance, event, occurrence · affair, business, matter · story (that happened to someone)
çekim: çoğul esetek
köken: From the es- stem of esik (“to happen”, cf. megesik) + -et (noun-forming suffix). Semantic loan from Latin casus, akin to Czech případek, Kashubian przëpôdk, Polish przypadek, Russian припа́док (pripádok), and Silesian przipŏdek. Compare also the development of German Fall, meaning both "case, event" and "fall, drop".