köken: From Middle High German arm, from Old High German arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erH- (“to be sparse”) or alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ-, whence English orphan. Cognate with Old English earm.
köken: From Old French mal, from Latin malus, possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mel- (“bad, wrong”). Near cognates include Portuguese mal, Italian male and Spanish malo.
aile: aux grands maux les grands remèdes, avoir du mal, avoir mal, combattre le mal par le mal, de deux maux, il faut choisir le moindre, dire du mal, en mal de, faire mal, génie du mal, grand mal
Pas si mal. — Fena değil.
J'ai du mal à m'imaginer ça.
J'ai mal à la tête.
Le philosophe abordait de grandes questions du bon et du mal.
of bad quality, poor, shoddy · shabby, seedy, cheesy · stingy, small-minded, scrounger, mean
köken: Uncertain, but most likely from kurtí (“short, small”) from Caló (a Romani-Iberian dialect), first introduced in Spanish in the 20th century as a Madrid slang.
Que mal. — Çok fena.
¡Pero qué lugar más cutre al que me has traído!
Tus amigos son unos cutres. Siempre que vamos a un bar dicen que se les ha olvidado la cartera.
köken: Inherited from Latin captīvus (“captive” → “caught by the devil” → “bad”). Compare the semantic development of French chétif (“puny, scrawny”) and Galician cativo.
köken: From Middle Persian [script needed] (SLYA) / [script needed] (wt' /wad/, “bad, evil”), from Proto-Iranian *watah, with further origin uncertain. Akin to Old Armenian վատ (vat), an Iranian borrowing. Unrelated to English bad, despite phonetic and semantic similarity.
köken: From Proto-Turkic *yaman (“bad”). Cognate with Old Uyghur [script needed] (jaman, “bad”); Bashkir яман (yaman), Karakalpak жаман (jaman) / jaman, Kyrgyz жаман (jaman), Karachay-Balkar аман (aman), Uzbek yomon, Azerbaijani and Turkish yaman, etc.
köken: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese coitado, cuitado; by surface analysis, coitar (“to torment”) + -ado (forms past participles). Compare coagido and Galician coitado. Unrelated to coito.
köken: From Ancient Greek ἄσχημος (áskhēmos), from Ancient Greek ἀσχήμων (askhḗmōn). By surface analysis, α- (a-) + σχήμα (schíma) + -ος (-os), compositionally equivalent to English unshapely.
köken: 가난 (ganan) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives). First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 가난ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: kànànhòtá).
harsh, hard, strict, stern [with allative ‘to’ or (partitive +) kohtaan] (of a person or character, etc.) · harsh, sharp, fierce (e.g. of the weather, such as winter weather) · barren, austere, desolate (of a place, e.g. of a landscape)
çekim: karşılaştırma ankarampi · üstünlük ankarin
eş: kova, kova
zıt: lempeä
köken: Borrowed from Proto-Norse [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *angazaz (compare English anger, Swedish ånger). Cognate with Karelian ankara.
köken: Inherited from Old Czech špatný. Rejzek compares it to Ukrainian шпетити (špetyty, “to defame, to mold”). Other possibilities include German Spat (“tumor on a horse's leg”), but this generalization is hard to explain.
köken: A merger of two words: 1. Old Norse dáligr, derived from dá n (“coma”), from Proto-Germanic *dawą, related to *dawjaną (“die”); and 2. Middle Low German dōrlik (“foolish”), derived from dōre (“fool”), from Proto-West Germanic *dauʀō, cognate with German Tor (cf. also Danish dåre).