köken: Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish نوكر (nöker), from Middle Mongol ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠷ (nökür, “friend”), whence also Modern Mongolian нөхөр (nöxör, “friend”). Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic Proto-Mongolic *nökör.Cognate with dialectal Turkish nöker. Compare Persian نوکر (nokar), Armenian նոքար (nokʻar), Georgian ნოქარი (nokari), Turkic borrowings.
Pul yaxşı nökərdir, pis ağa.
Bəylərin çoxlu mülkü, nökərləri, var-dövləti olurmuş.
köken: Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kul. Cognates with Azerbaijani qul, Bashkir ҡол (qol), Kazakh құл (qūl), Southern Altai кул (kul), Tatar кол (qol), Turkish kul, Turkmen gul, Uzbek qul.
köken: First attested in 1548. Borrowed from a Slavic language. The front-vowel variant (doublet) of the Hungarian noun család (“family”). The two words separated in the 19th century.
köken: Feminine form of famulus; famulus + -a (feminine suffix).
Etimoloji
* (interjection sense) Ellipsis of mjuka tjänare, in turn clipping of ödmjuka tjänare (“humble servant”), from phrases such as jag är eder ödmjuka tjänare (”I am your humble servant”) etc. Compare German servus and Italian ciao. * (noun sense) From tjäna (“to serve”) + -are (“-er”).