köken: Inherited from Middle French beste, from Old French beste, probably partially borrowed from Classical Latin bēstia (“beast”), or less likely from an alternative Vulgar Latin bēsta (“animal”). Compare biche (probably from Old French bisse, itself from Vulgar Latin bīstia; compare Italian biscia).
aile: abêtir, âge bête, bébête, bêta, bétail, bête à Bon Dieu, bête à manger du foin, bête comme chou, bête comme ses deux pieds, bête comme ses pieds
köken: Probably from Turkic, with the same meaning, from *kul (“hand”). Compare Bashkir ҡул (qul, “arm, hand”), Tatar кул (qul, “arm, hand”) and Turkish kol (“arm”). The sense of “wealthy farmer” is from the expression держа́ть в кулаке́ (deržátʹ v kulaké, “to keep in dependence”) or developed figuratively as “fist” → “tightfisted person”.
Он сжима́л кулаки́ и был зол на себя́ за то, что он пресле́дует их, но останови́ться у него́ не хвата́ло во́ли.
köken: Uncertain. Theories include derivation from どんくさい (donkusai, “clumsy”), 野(や)菜(さい) (yasai, “vegetables”), or possibly from a misreading (possibly humorous) of 田舎(いなか) (inaka, “countryside, rural area; unrefined”) as 田(だ) (da) + 舎(しゃ) (sha). Attested from the 1970s.
köken: First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 게으르다 (Yale: keyGuluta). Compare Yukjin Korean 게그르다 (gegeureuda), preserving the original /k/.
stupid, dense, dumb, thick, dim · foolish, silly, daft
çekim: karşılaştırma dummere · üstünlük dummest
köken: From Old Danish dumb, dum, from Old Norse dumbr (“dumb”), and in the main sense stupid from German dumm. Both from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare Norwegian and Swedish dum, Icelandic dumbur, English dumb, Low German dumm, Dutch dom, German dumm.
aile: dumhed
Ca. halvdelen af verdensbestandens 460.000 fugle yngler i Skotland. — İskoçya'da yaşayan 60,000 Sümsük kuşu dünya populasyonunun % 24'üdür.