köken: Inherited from Latin pulverem, from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“dust; flour”). Doublet of polve, from the Latin nominative pulvis. Akin to Sicilian prùvula.
aile: aspirapolvere, impolverare, mangiare la polvere, polvere d'oro, polvere da sparo, polvere di stelle, polvere pirica, polveri di ferro, polverizzare, polveroso
köken: From *tozañ (“dust; pollen; that which disperses in the air”), from Proto-Common Turkic *tōzan, from the verbal stem Proto-Common Turkic *tōz- (“to disperse in the air; get scattered”), parallel to the noun stem *tōz (“dust”). Compare to Bashkir туҙан (tuźan, “dust”), Kazakh тозаң (tozañ, “dust; pollen”), Uzbek to'zon (“dust”), Uyghur توزاڭ (tozang, “dust; pollen”), Turkmen tozan (“dust”).…
köken: From Old Swedish damb, dåm (“dust, steam”). Akin to Low German damp, Dutch damp, and Danish damp (“vapor, steam, fog”), German Dampf, Icelandic dampi, English damp (“moderately wet”), and to German dampf imperative of dimpfen (“to smoke”). Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dampaz.
dirt, filth, stain, muck (foreign substance that makes something unclean)
çekim: çoğul liat · tamlayan lian
köken: From Proto-Finnic *lika, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *slīką. Related to Estonian liga, Ingrian lika, Karelian lika /liga and Ludian lʹiga.
earth, land · plot, estate, a piece or stretch of land · soil, dirt
çekim: çoğul földek
köken: Of uncertain origin, perhaps a derivation. One explanation is that it is from föl (“the upper part of something”) + -d (nominal suffix, originally diminutive suffix). For similar derivation, compare gyenge (“weak”) > gyengéd (“gentle”).
köken: Uncertain – usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱʷeyn- (“to soil; mud; filth”). According to Pokorny, cognate with inquinō, obscēnus, cūniō and English whin.
köken: From Middle Low German stof, from Old Saxon *stiof, from Proto-Germanic *stubą, *stuba, derived from the verb *steubaną (“to smoke”). Swedish stoft is also borrowed from Low German. The Danish form has taken over the vowel from the verb støve.
From Ottoman Turkish توز (toz), from Old Anatolian Turkish طُوزْ (dōz), توز (tōz) from Proto-Common Turkic *tōz. Cognate with Azerbaijani toz, Gagauz tooz, Old Uyghur [script needed] (toz) and further with Bashkir туҙан (tuźan).