köken: Borrowed from Classical Persian خَلْق (xalq), from Arabic خَلْقٌ (ḵalqun). Compare to Kazakh халық (xalyq), Southern Altai калык (kalïk), Shor қалық, Khakas халых (xalıx), etc.
open · clear, understandable, intelligible, articulate · bright
zıt: ябыҡ
köken: From Proto-Turkic *ačuk (“open”) (compare Old Uyghur [script needed] (ačuq, “open; clear, evident”), from Proto-Turkic *ač- (“to open”). Cognate with Kazakh ашық (aşyq), Kyrgyz ачык (acık), Southern Altai ачык (ačïk), Kumyk ачыкъ (açıq), Uzbek ochiq, Uyghur ئوچۇق (ochuq, “open”), Turkish açık (“open”), Chuvash уçă (uçă, “open”).
köken: From Middle Chinese compound 人民 (MC nyin mjin). Compare modern Mandarin 人民 (rénmín), Wu 人民 (⁶zen-min₆), Min Nan 人民 (jîn-bîn). Formerly pronounced with a consistent 呉音 (goon) reading of ninmin, later changing to a mixed 漢音 (kan'on) / 呉音 (goon) reading of jinmin.
aile: 人民委員: commissar, 人民委員会: commissariat, 人民解放軍: the People's Liberation Army, 人民憲章: the People's Charter, 人民公社: a people's commune, 人民裁判: a people's court, 人民主義: populism, 人民主権, 人民戦線: a popular front, 人民大会堂: the Great Hall of the People
people (collectively, as members of society) · humanity; humans (as a collective); humankind; the human race
eş: 一般人, 世人, 世間人, 世间人, 人士, 人群
köken: Attestable in pre-Qin texts as a term meaning "common people". Modern sense first attested in An English and Chinese dictionary published in 1884 by W. Lobscheid.
köken: Borrowed from Arabic عَوَامّ (ʕawāmm), the plural of عَامَّة (ʕāmma, “majority”) (compare आम (ām) from عَامّ (ʕāmm)). Compare Punjabi ਅਵਾਮ (avām).
public (able to be known or seen by everyone) · public (open to all members of a community; pertaining to people as a whole) · public (officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the government or state)
çekim: karşılaştırma julkisempi · üstünlük julkisin
zıt: yksityinen, salainen
köken: julki (“to the open, public”) + -inen. Attested since the time of Mikael Agricola (output c. 1543–1552).
aile: julkinen liikenne, julkinen omaisuus, julkinen osakeyhtiö, julkisesti, julkistaa, julkisuus, julkisasiamies, julkishallinto, julkishyödyke, julkisohjelma