to put on (clothes), to wear · to cover · to close
çekim: geçmiş پوشید · ortaç پوشیده · şimdiki میپوشد · ulaç پوشنده
köken: From Middle Persian pwšytn' (pōšīdan, “cover, put on, wear”), from Proto-Iranian *paus- (“to dress, clothe, cover”), probably borrowed from a substrate language. Cheung additionally adduces Sanskrit पवस्त (pavásta, “covering, garment”) as a potential cognate; this is unlikely, considering the Sanskrit word's Vedic presence and existence of a plausible Indo-Iranian etymology.
to stay, to remain · Shows non-intentional perfective actions: to end up, to happen to · Shows the change of the state of the subject.
çekim: geçmiş қалдым · ortaç қалған
köken: From Proto-Turkic *kāl- (“to stay behind, remain”). Cognate with Turkish kalmak (“to remain”), Old Turkic 𐰴𐰞 (qal-, “to be left (behind)”), Old Uyghur qʾlmʾq (qalmaq, “to remain”), Karakhanid قَلْماقْ (qalmāq, “to remain”), etc.
to wait, stay, stop · to live, accommodate · to be fixed, stable
çekim: geçmiş ठहरता · şimdiki ठहरता है
köken: Hindi verb set ठहरना (ṭhaharnā) ठहराना (ṭhahrānā) Etymology tree Prakrit *𑀞𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀇 (*ṭhahiraï) Hindi ठहरना Inherited from Prakrit *𑀞𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀇 (*ṭhahiraï).
çekim: geçmiş amânat · ortaç amânat · şimdiki amână
köken: Probably from mâine (compare the variant form mâne), possibly based on a Latin construction ad māne, or on a hypothetical adverbial form *amâne in Romanian. Compare Aromanian amãn, amãnari. Similar semantic development in French ajourner.
to stand · to stay, remain · to cost, to be set at, stand at (e.g., a price)
çekim: ortaç statum · şimdiki stat · ulaç stāns
zıt: desum
köken: From Proto-Italic *staēō, from earlier *staējō, from Proto-Indo-European *sth₂éh₁yeti, stative verb from *steh₂-. Cognate with Sanskrit तिष्ठति (tíṣṭhati) (root स्था (sthā)), Persian ایستا (istâ, “standing; stopping”), Old Norse standa, Ancient Greek ἵστημι (hístēmi), στάσις (stásis), Bulgarian стоя (stoja), Old English standan (whence English stand). By its appearance through Latin sound laws,…
to become (go from one state into another, with a predicative or the preposition til (“to”); the latter is preferred with nouns if a change is implied) · to be (used with the past participle to form the passive voice) · to amount (to total or evaluate)
çekim: geçmiş blev · ortaç blevet · ulaç blivende
köken: From Middle Low German bliven, from Old Saxon bilīƀan, from Proto-Germanic *bilībaną, cognate with German bleiben (“to remain”). In the sense “to become", it replaced native vorde.