ground, soil · sea bottom (typically called Meeresboden) · any defined type of soil
çekim: çoğul Böden · tamlayan Bodens
eş: Grund, Erdboden, Grund und Boden, Erde, Erdreich, Dachboden
köken: From Middle High German boden, bodem, from Old High German bodam, from Proto-West Germanic *bodm, from Proto-Germanic *budm-, a variant of *butmaz (whence English bottom, which see for more), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn. Cognate with English bottom, Dutch bodem, Hunsrik Boddem. Doublet of Bodden, a loanword from Low German.
köken: Inherited from Old Spanish, from Latin fundus PIE word *bʰudʰmḗn The preservation of the initial older 'f' in this word may be to distinguish it from the doublet hondo, which became an adjective and continued its phonetic evolution as expected. Also the doublet of fundo, a later borrowing.
aile: de fondo, Fondo Monetario Internacional, fondo mutuo, fondos de reptiles, fondos propios, irse a fondo, libro de fondo, mar de fondo, música de fondo, pozo sin fondo
floor, bed (hard surface at the bottom of a body of water) · bottom surface of a container · bottom of society
çekim: çoğul до́нья · tamlayan дна
eş: основание, днище, низы, отбросы
köken: Inherited from Old East Slavic дъно (dŭno), from Proto-Slavic *dъno (“bottom”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dubnas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰubnos, from *dʰewb- (“deep”).
floor; bottom; a flat and usually low surface of a space or object · rock bottom · area, region
eş: 표면, 밑, 곳
köken: First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (Yale: pàtáng). In the Early Modern era, the form was supplanted by modern 바닥 (badak), which may originally have been dialectal; Korean dialects often variably have coda /k~ŋ~j~h/, probably from ancestral */-k/. 바다 (bada, “sea, ocean”) may originally have been a semantic extension of this word. Beyond Koreanic,…
ground (background, context, framework, surroundings) · background, origins; one's social heritage · background; a part of the picture that depicts scenery to the rear or behind the main subject; context
çekim: çoğul bakgrunder · tamlayan bakgrunds
köken: bak (“behind, at the back”) + grund (“ground”). Probably influenced by a foreign language, compare Danish baggrund (“background”), English background and German Hintergrund (“background”).
bed (of a river), bottom (of a lake) · lowest stratum (of a capitalist society)
çekim: tamlayan дна
köken: From Old East Slavic дъно (dŭno), from Proto-Slavic *dъno (“bottom”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dubnas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰubnos, from *dʰewb- (“deep”).
köken: Inherited from Old Czech dno, from Proto-Slavic *dъno, *dъbno (“bottom”), which is probably from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewb-. Cognates include Lithuanian dùgnas (“bottom”), Latvian dubens (“bottom”), German Tief (“deep”) and English deep. Transposition from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ- to *dʰewbʰ- is also possible. Cognates derived from *bʰewdʰ- include German Boden, Latin fundus (compare Czech…
bottom · farm, piece of land, estate, demesne · ground
çekim: çoğul fundī · tamlayan fundī
zıt: vertex
köken: From Proto-Italic *funðos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ-(m)n-o-s, from *bʰudʰmḗn (“bottom”). Compare the similar treatment in Ancient Greek πύνδαξ (púndax, “bottom”). Cognates include Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna), Persian بن (bon, “root, bottom”), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom”), and Old English botm (English bottom). PIE word *bʰudʰmḗn
background (the scenery behind the main subject of an image) · background (the previous circumstances of a situation) · background (the origins or social heritage of a person)
çekim: çoğul baggrunde · tamlayan baggrunds
köken: bag (“behind”) + grund (“ground”). Calque of German Hintergrund (“background”), cf. also Swedish bakgrund, English background.
the inside bottom of a container, as opposed to a đế which is the outside bottom · the bottom of a well or a natural body of water such as a lake, river, sea, etc. · a base
köken: Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 底 (“bottom”, SV: để).