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külm

/ˈkylʲm/

ESTONCA → TR

Estonca "külm" kelimesi Türkçe'de ayaz, buzlanmak, don, soğuk, üşümüş anlamına gelir.

Çeviri

Genelayaz

Genelbuzlanmak

Geneldon

Genelsoğuk

Genelüşümüş

Çekim Tablosu

karşılaştırmakülmem

üstünlükkõige külmem

Tanım

•cold (with low temperature, little heat or no heat at all) · reasonable, practical, considerate · without cordiality or warmth, unfeeling or indifferent

Diğer Dillerde

AlmancaFrost , kalt , Kälte , koid (eril) /frɔst/

frost; freezing weather (weather conditions below 0 °C) · frost; ice; all the natural phenomena caused by such weather collectively · a sensation of cold, especially due to illness

çekim: çoğul Fröste · tamlayan Frostes

eş: Kälte

köken: From Middle High German vrost, from Old High German frost, from Proto-West Germanic *frost. Cognate with Dutch vorst, English frost, Icelandic frost.

aile: Bodenfrost, Dauerfrost, Frostbeule, frostig, Frostschaden, Schüttelfrost

Fransızcafroid , gel /fʁwa/

cold (temperature)

zıt: chaud

köken: Inherited from Middle French froit, from Old French froit, freid, inherited from Latin frīgidus (“cold”) (through a syncopated Vulgar Latin or Late Latin form frigdus, fricdus, attested in the Appendix Probi, or fridus, on a Pompeian inscription). Doublet of frigide, a later borrowing.

aile: chat échaudé craint l'eau froide, coup de froid, douche froide, Guerre froide, sueur froide, vague de froid

İspanyolcabiruje , biruji , escarchar , frío , hacer frío , hacer yelo

Viento helador.

eş: biruji

İtalyancabrinare , fare freddo , freddo , gelata , gelato , gelido /briˈna.re/

to be frosty, for there to be frost · to cover with frost · to frost (a hair, a glass) (give a frosty appearance)

çekim: geçmiş brinàto · ortaç brinàto · şimdiki brìna · ulaç brinànte

köken: From brina + -are.

Rusçaза́морозки , моро́з , обледене́ть , равноду́шный , студёный , сту́жа /stʊˈdʲɵnɨj/

cold

çekim: karşılaştırma (по)студёнее · üstünlük са́мый студёный

eş: холодный, морозный

köken: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *studenъ (“cold”), from *studъ (“cold, shame”). See сту́жа (stúža) for more.

Arapçaبَارِد , برد , بَرْد , بَرْدَان , برودة , بُرُودَة (eril) /ba.ra.da/

to be or become cold, to cool off · to feel cold · to cool, chill

çekim: geçmiş بَرَدْتُ

بَرِّدْ حَشَايَ إِنِ ٱسْتَطَعْتَ بِلَفْظَةٍ / فَلَقَدْ تَضُرُّ إِذَا تَشَاءُ وَتَنْفَعُ

Farsçaسَرْد , سرما , یخبندان /sar.ˈmaː/

cold, coldness

köken: From Middle Persian [script needed] (slmʾk' /⁠sarmāg⁠/). Also see the entry for سرد (sard).

Azericeayaz , don , şaxta , sazaq , soyuq /ɑˈjɑz/

freezing weather, frost, cold · overnight freeze, cold snap

çekim: çoğul ayazlar · tamlayan ayazın

köken: From Proto-Turkic *ayaŕ (“clear sky; frost”).

Ürəyimdə ayaz var, Nə qış gedib, nə yaz var. Oyatma bənövşəni, Kol dibində ayaz var.

Kazakçaаяз , салқын , суық /ɑˈjɑz/

frost

köken: From Kipchak اياز (ayaz, “clean (of weather), frosty”), from Proto-Turkic *ayaŕ (“clear sky; frost”).

aile: аяздау, аязды, аяздық

Özbekçeayoz , sovuq

cold, frosty

çekim: karşılaştırma sovuqroq · üstünlük eng sovuq

köken: From Proto-Turkic *sogï-k.

aile: sovuqlik, sovuqqonlik, sovuqxona, sovuqchilik

Tatarcaсалкын

Türkmenceaýaz , sowuk /aˈjað/

frost

çekim: çoğul aýazlar · tamlayan aýazyň

köken: From Proto-Turkic *ayaŕ (“clear sky; frost”).

Kırgızcaаяз , салкын , суук /sɑɫˈqɯn/

cool

köken: Borrowed from Mongolic.

Uygurcaسوغۇق

cold

köken: From Proto-Turkic *sogï-k.

سوغۇق تەلەت

ھاۋا بارغانسېرى سوغۇق بولۇۋاتىدۇ.

ئۇلار ھاۋا سوغۇق بولغانلىقىدىن ئۈچۈن سۇ ئۈزمىدى.

Başkurtçaһыуыҡ /hɯ̞.ˈwɯ̞q/

cold · cold (of weather)

çekim: çoğul һыуыҡтар · tamlayan һыуыҡтың

köken: From Proto-Turkic *sogï-k (“cold”). Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (soγïq), Old Turkic [script needed] (soγuq, “cold”), Kazakh суық (suyq), Kyrgyz суук (suuk), Southern Altai соок (sook), Uyghur سوغۇق (soghuq) / соғуқ (soghuq), Uzbek sovuq, Tuvan соок (sook), Turkmen sowuk, Turkish soğuk (“cold”), etc.

Өйөбөҙгә һыуыҡ һыу ғына ингән.

Ял көндәре төбәктә һыуыҡ буласаҡ.

Çuvaşçaсивӗ

cold

zıt: вӗри

Felemenkçeberijpen , fris , koel , kou , koud , koude /frɪs/

fresh, refreshing · cool, chilly · clean, pure, hygienic

çekim: karşılaştırma frisser · üstünlük meest fris

köken: From late Middle Dutch frisch, vrisch, borrowed from Middle High German vrisch, from Old High German frisc, from Proto-West Germanic *frisk, from Proto-Germanic *friskaz. Doublet of vers.

aile: fris als een hoentje, fris en fruitig, frisdrank, frisheid, frisjes, onfris, verfrissen

frisse lucht

een fris briesje

iets fris te drinken

Portekizceescarchar , estar com frio , fazer frio , frio , geada , gelado /is.kaʁˈʃa(ʁ)/

to frost (to cover with frost)

çekim: geçmiş escarchei · ortaç escarchado · şimdiki escarcha

köken: Borrowed from Spanish escarchar. By surface analysis, escarcha + -ar.

Yunancaκρύο , κρύος , παγετός , παγωνιά , παγώνω (nötr) /ˈkɾi.o/

cold, cold weather, etc.

çekim: çoğul κρύα · tamlayan κρύου

eş: παγωνιά, ψύχος, ψύχρα

köken: From Ancient Greek κρύος (krúos, “cold”).

Japonca冷たい , 寒い /t͡sɨme̞ta̠i/

cold · cold (unfriendly)

eş: しゃっこい, 冷っこい, 冷やい

zıt: 熱い, 温かい

köken: Compound of 爪 (tsume, “claw”) + 痛い (itai, “painful”), with the medial /-i-/ falling out.

aile: 冷たい戦争

冷たい飲み物

心が冷たい人

Çinceбин , лын , хан , 寒冷 , 涼 /凉 /xän³⁵ lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

cold; freezing

zıt: 酷暑, 炎熱, 炎热

室外非常寒冷，大家都把身體蜷縮起來保暖。

室外非常寒冷，大家都把身体蜷缩起来保暖。

Korece서리 , 차갑다 , 차다 , 추위 , 춥다 /sʰʌ̹ɾi/

frost

köken: First attested as Late Old Korean 率 in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103. In the hangul script, first attested in the Hunminjeong'eum haerye (訓民正音解例 / 훈민정음해례), 1446, as Middle Korean 서리〮 (Yale: sèlí).

서리가 내리다

İsveççefrost , frosta , frusen , kall , köld , kyla

frost

çekim: tamlayan frosts

köken: From Old Norse frost, from Proto-Germanic *frustą, *frustaz.

Lehçechłód , mróz , oszronić , przeziębiony , ziąb , zimno (eril) /ˈxwut/

cold; coolness (low temperature) · coldness (lack of affection) · cold weather

çekim: çoğul chłody · tamlayan chłodu

eş: ziąb

köken: Etymology tree Proto-Slavic *xoldъ Polish chłód Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xoldъ.

Ukraynacaзи́мний , моро́з , хо́лод , холо́дний

Hintçeठंडा , शीत , शीतल , सर्द , हिम /ʈʰəɳ.ɖɑː/

cold, chilly · extinguished

çekim: çoğul ठंडे

zıt: गर्म

köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *stebʰtós Proto-Indo-Iranian *stabdʰás Proto-Indo-Aryan *stabdʰás Sanskrit स्तब्ध (stabdha) Prakrit 𑀣𑀤𑁆𑀥 (thaddha) Prakrit 𑀣𑀟𑁆𑀠 (thaḍḍha) Prakrit 𑀞𑀟𑁆𑀠 (ṭhaḍḍha) Proto-Dravidian *taṇinflu. Hindi ठंढा (ṭhaṇḍhā) Hindi ठंडा With Grassman's Law in New Indo-Aryan from ठंढा (ṭhaṇḍhā), which is from Prakrit *ठंढ…

aile: ठंड, ठंडई, ठंडक, ठंडाई, ठंडाना, ठंडी, ठंडे दिल से

आग ठंडी हो गई।

Fincehalla , huurtua , kuuraantua , kylmä , kylmyys , pakkanen /ˈhɑlːɑ/

frost, killing frost (below-freezing temperature that occurs at night during the growing season) · frost damage (damage caused by such frost) · damage, harm

çekim: çoğul hallat · tamlayan hallan

köken: From Proto-Finnic *halla (compare Estonian hall), from earlier *šalna (compare Northern Sami suoldni), borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (compare Lithuanian šalnà and Latvian salna).

aile: hallainen, hallaton, hallava, hallaisuus, hallakko, hallatar, halla-aamu, Halla-aho, hallaharjanne, hallahattu

alavilla mailla hallan vaara

tehdä hallaa

Çekçechlad , chladný , mráz , studený , zima (eril) /ˈxlat/

cold (low temperature)

çekim: çoğul chlady · tamlayan chladu

eş: chladno, zima

köken: Inherited from Old Czech chlad, from Proto-Slavic *xoldъ.