ground, soil · sea bottom (typically called Meeresboden) · any defined type of soil
çekim: çoğul Böden · tamlayan Bodens
eş: Grund, Erdboden, Grund und Boden, Erde, Erdreich, Dachboden
köken: From Middle High German boden, bodem, from Old High German bodam, from Proto-West Germanic *bodm, from Proto-Germanic *budm-, a variant of *butmaz (whence English bottom, which see for more), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn. Cognate with English bottom, Dutch bodem, Hunsrik Boddem. Doublet of Bodden, a loanword from Low German.
to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct) · to ground, gate (to punish, especially a child or teenager, by forcing them to stay at home and/or give up certain privileges)
çekim: geçmiş castigué · ortaç castigado · şimdiki castiga
eş: sancionar, espolear
zıt: descastigar
köken: Inherited from Old Spanish castigar, an early borrowing from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”).
köken: Inherited from Chagatai یر (yr), from Proto-Turkic *yẹr (“earth”). Cognate with Uyghur يەر (yer), Turkmen ýer, Azerbaijani yer, Turkish yer; Kazakh жер (jer), Kyrgyz жер (jer); etc.
land, ground, soil · the ground, the earth (compared with the air or higher place) · the earth (as a planet)
çekim: çoğul يەرلەر · tamlayan يەرنىڭ
köken: Inherited from Chagatai یر (yr /yer/), from Proto-Turkic *yẹr (“earth”). Cognate with Uzbek yer; Old Uyghur 𐽶𐽶𐽾 (yyr /yer/), 𐽶𐽾 (yr /yer/), Old Turkic 𐰘𐰃𐰼 (y²ir² /yer/), 𐰘𐰼 (y²r² /yer/); Kyrgyz جەر / жер (jer), Kazakh جەر / жер (jer), Karakalpak jer, Nogai ер (yer); Turkmen ýer, Azerbaijani یئر / јер / yer, Turkish yer; etc.
earth · land · land; real estate or landed property
çekim: çoğul ерҙәр · tamlayan ерҙең
köken: From Proto-Turkic *yẹr (“earth; land”). Cognate with Tatar җир (cir), Kazakh жер (jer), Kyrgyz жер (jer), Southern Altai јер (ǰer), Uzbek yer, Turkish yer (“land; earth”), etc.
a hill (portion of a road or other path sloping lengthwise – compare kulle (“hill (elevated landmass)”)) · a slope, an incline (part of the ground that slopes – see also the usage notes for sluttning) · slopes (idiomatically, sometimes, in the context of ski slopes)
çekim: çoğul backar · tamlayan backes
köken: From Old Norse bakki (“bank”), from Proto-Germanic *bankô.
aile: galgbacke, kunna slå sig i backen på, nedförsbacke, på landbacken, skidbacke, stå som spön i backen, uppförsbacke
köken: Inherited from Old Czech dno, from Proto-Slavic *dъno, *dъbno (“bottom”), which is probably from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewb-. Cognates include Lithuanian dùgnas (“bottom”), Latvian dubens (“bottom”), German Tief (“deep”) and English deep. Transposition from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ- to *dʰewbʰ- is also possible. Cognates derived from *bʰewdʰ- include German Boden, Latin fundus (compare Czech…
köken: Inherited from Latin pavīmentum (“floor composed of small stones beaten down”), possibly through attested Vulgar Latin paumentum. Compare Italian pavimento, Aromanian pimintu, Istro-Romanian pemint, Logudorese Sardinian pamentu (“floor”), pomentu, Friulian palment. Doublet of paviment.