to stir, agitate (to disturb the relative position of the particles of, as of a liquid, by passing something through it) · to roil (to render turbid by stirring up the dregs or sediment of) · to confuse, perplex, befuddle, baffle, bemuse, fluster (to throw into a state of confusion)
çekim: geçmiş hämmentänyt · şimdiki hämmentäisi · ulaç hämmentävä
köken: hämme- + -ntää; the root is shared with hämätä and hämärä (for the m ~ mm variation, compare kammo < kamala).
(nabádat koho k čemu) (nabádat k čemu) vybízet, vyzývat, povzbuzovat k nějakému činu, zejména z pozice někoho zkušenějšího, moudřejšího či jinak autoritativního
köken: From Proto-Tai *plokᴰ (“to awaken (someone)”). The vowel of ปลุก [pluk̚ᴰˢ¹] shows irregularity as a reflex of it. In Southwestern Tai, cognate with Lao ປຸກ (puk), Shan ပူၵ်း (púuk), Ahom 𑜆𑜤𑜀𑜫 (puk). In Central Tai, cognate with Nong Zhuang byoak.
to incite · to drive away (force someone to leave) · to drive (impel or urge (especially animals) onward by force)
çekim: geçmiş dreasaithe · ortaç dreasaithe · şimdiki dreasaíonn sé
köken: From Middle Irish dreisid, which may be a back-formation from the s-future or s-subjunctive of Old Irish at·reig (“to rise”) or dringid (“to rise, advance”).
black (of colour) · dark, as opposed to a lighter colour · dirty (of water); built for dirty water
çekim: çoğul të zinj
zıt: i bardhë
köken: First attested in the 17th century in this form, already 16th in its now obsolete feminine form e zeshkë (“black”). The plural të zinj is recent, built on analogy of other masculine nouns ending in stressed /-ˈi/, and supplanted the earlier të zez. The irregular paradigm may reflect e zezë f sg < *gʷed(ʰ)yā, të zez m pl < *gʷed(ʰ)yoi, zi f (“mourning”, noun) < *gʷed(ʰ)íyā. Has been compared to…