to steal, pinch · to be busy · to toil, to work hard
çekim: geçmiş afané · ortaç afanado · şimdiki afana
eş: bregar
köken: Unknown. Perhaps from Arabic فَنَاء (fanāʔ), although Vulgar Latin etymologies have also been suggested. Cognate with Italian affannare (“to leave breathless; vex”).
work, labor/labour · effort, pains · work (of literature or scholarly publication)
çekim: çoğul труды́ · tamlayan труда́
eş: работа, усилие, напряжение, произведение, работа, произведение
köken: Inherited from Old East Slavic трудъ (trudŭ), from Proto-Slavic *trudъ, from Proto-Indo-European *trewd-, whence also English threat.
aile: трудоёмкость, трудозатра́ты, трудоустро́ить, трудоустра́ивать, трудоустро́йство, Phrases, свежо́ преда́ние, да ве́рится с трудо́м, Proverbs, терпе́ние и труд всё перетру́т
to toil, to labour (UK), to labor (US), to work hard
çekim: geçmiş κοπίασα · ortaç έχοντας κοπιάσει · şimdiki κοπιάζει · ulaç κοπιάζοντας
köken: Inherited and learned borrowing from Koine Greek κοπιάζω (kopiázō). See the ancient verb κοπιόω (kopióō). By surface analysis, κόπ(ος) (kóp(os)) + -ιάζω (-iázo).
köken: From Old Latin labōs, of uncertain origin: * Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European root *leb- (“to seize, take”), whence Sanskrit लभते (labhate, “take, gain”) and Lithuanian lõbis (“wealth”). * More commonly connected with labō (“to totter”) (see Etymology 2 below), via semantic development "teetering under a heavy load" → "burden" → "work", but this is rejected by De Vaan, who however provides no…
aile: labōrō, ēlabōrō
rege Numa, frūctū nōn respondente labōrī,
Labore operis incitati
et mediae tempora noctis erant, iam ducibus somnum dederat labor
köken: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese esforço, deverbal from esforçar, from a Vulgar Latin *exfortiāre, from *fortiāre, from fortia (“heroic actions”). Compare Portuguese esforço, Spanish esfuerzo, Catalan esforç, French effort, Italian sforzo. Cognate with English effort.