ground, soil · sea bottom (typically called Meeresboden) · any defined type of soil
çekim: çoğul Böden · tamlayan Bodens
eş: Grund, Erdboden, Grund und Boden, Erde, Erdreich, Dachboden
köken: From Middle High German boden, bodem, from Old High German bodam, from Proto-West Germanic *bodm, from Proto-Germanic *budm-, a variant of *butmaz (whence English bottom, which see for more), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn. Cognate with English bottom, Dutch bodem, Hunsrik Boddem. Doublet of Bodden, a loanword from Low German.
earth, soil; a rock- or sand-based unconsolidated material in which land plants grow · earth, ground (as opposed to the sky or sea) · earth; one of the four or five basic elements in alchemical or Taoist philosophy
çekim: çoğul jordar · tamlayan jords
eş: land
köken: From Old Swedish iorþ, from Old Norse jǫrð, from Proto-Germanic *erþō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁er-.
aile: brända jordens taktik, fast jord, fosterjord, jord under naglarna, jorda, jordafärd, jordart, jordaxel, jordbegravning, jordbi
dirt, filth, stain, muck (foreign substance that makes something unclean)
çekim: çoğul liat · tamlayan lian
köken: From Proto-Finnic *lika, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *slīką. Related to Estonian liga, Ingrian lika, Karelian lika /liga and Ludian lʹiga.
earth, land · plot, estate, a piece or stretch of land · soil, dirt
çekim: çoğul földek
köken: Of uncertain origin, perhaps a derivation. One explanation is that it is from föl (“the upper part of something”) + -d (nominal suffix, originally diminutive suffix). For similar derivation, compare gyenge (“weak”) > gyengéd (“gentle”).
köken: Uncertain – usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱʷeyn- (“to soil; mud; filth”). According to Pokorny, cognate with inquinō, obscēnus, cūniō and English whin.