köken: Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (plmʾn'), 𐫜𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫗 (frmʾn /framān/, “order, command”), from Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠 (framānā, “command”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pramaHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁nom, from *meh₁- (“to measure”). Cognate with Gurani ھەرمانە (harmāna, “work”) and Iranian loanwords Old Armenian հրաման (hraman, “order, command, injunction”), Aramaic הַרְמָן (hrmnʾ,…
köken: From Arabic مَقَال (maqāl), denoting a literary genre of a short and morally instructive bit. Cognate with Tatar мәкаль (mäqäl), Kazakh мақал (maqal), Kyrgyz макал (makal), Uzbek maqol, Uyghur ماقال (maqal, “proverb, adage”), etc.
a message (also budskap) · a commandment (as in the Ten Commandments; also budord), a rule that must be obeyed (also påbud) · a bid, an offer (also anbud)
çekim: çoğul buds · tamlayan buds
köken: From Old Swedish buþ, from Old East Norse buð, from Proto-Germanic *budą (“offer, message”), cognate with Danish bud, Dutch bod, German Gebot.