foreigner; foreign national, regardless of descent (male or of unspecified gender) · allochthone person, regardless of nationality (male or of unspecified gender)
çekim: çoğul Ausländern · tamlayan Ausländers
zıt: Inländer
köken: From Middle High German ūzlender, derived from ūzlant (“outlying fields”). See aus, Länder. Modern German Ausland (“foreign countries”) is a backformation from Ausländer. Compare archaic Dutch uitlander, English outlandish, outlander, Danish udlænding.
köken: Inherited from Middle French estranger, from Old French estrangier, from estrange + -ier, equivalent to modern French étrange + -er. Cf. also Vulgar Latin *extraneārius, Italian straniero, Portuguese estrangeiro.
aile: à l'étranger, affaires étrangères, clé étrangère, corps étranger, langue étrangère
köken: See сит (sit, “outside, foreign”), ил (il, “country”). Compare with Kazakh шет ел (şet el), Kyrgyz чет эл (cet el), Uzbek chet el, Uyghur چەتەل (chetel, “foreign land, foreign country”).
a stranger (unfamiliar person (or plant or other thing by extension)) · an alien, etc. (when sounding better as a translation) · a stranger (someone who does not feel at home in a particular place)
foreigner, stranger (someone who comes from somewhere else) · outsider (someone outside a community) · space alien
çekim: çoğul muukalaiset · tamlayan muukalaisen
köken: muu (“other, else”) + -kalainen. Attested since at least 1548 in a variety of spellings (the Bible of that year has Mucalainen in Luke 17.18 and mwcalainen in Luke 24.18).
Inherited from Latin extrāneus, through a Vulgar Latin intermediate form; the expected normal phonetic result in Romanian from the base Latin word would be *strâi, so it must have come from a derivative form. It is likely that Latin extraneus produced several popular altered variant or derived forms (cf. Italian/Tuscan straino, Calabrian strainu ("without a master")). Several conjectures exist…