to banish, ostracize, outlaw (expel someone from society and declare them unprotected by law) · to ostracize, shun (look down upon someone and refuse to associate with them) · to proscribe, outlaw, ban (declare something unacceptable)
çekim: geçmiş ächtete · ortaç geächtet · şimdiki ächtet · ulaç ächtend
köken: From Middle High German æhten, āhten, from Old High German āhten, from Proto-West Germanic *ą̄htijan. By surface analysis, Acht + -en.
aile: Ächtung, Ächter
Als Demokraten sollten wir Andersdenkende achten und nicht ächten.
köken: From Proto-Turkic *ogrï (“thief”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰆𐰍𐰺𐰃 (oγrï /uǧr¹i/, “thief”), Karakhanid اُغْریٖ (oγrï), Turkish uğru, Uyghur ئوغرى (oghri), Uzbek oʻgʻri, Kazakh ұры (ūry), Kyrgyz ууру (uuru), Bashkir уғры (uğrı), Yakut уор (uor), Chuvash вӑрӑ (vără). The sense career criminal is likely a 20th century semantic loan from Russian вор в законе (vor v zakone).
köken: Often considered a nativisation of the Sino-Korean term 도적 (盜賊, dojeok, “thief, robber”), attested widely in Middle Korean as 도ᄌᆞᆨ (Yale: twòcòk), but this would entail the highly irregular shift /t͡s/ > /t/ in all varieties of Korean. Some kind of Sinitic source seems evident, however.
to forbid, prohibit, disallow, ban · to deny, controvert, dispute, contest, negate (argue that something is not the case) · to renounce (also in a religious sense), repudiate, disown
çekim: geçmiş kieltänyt · şimdiki kieltäisi · ulaç kieltävä
köken: From Proto-Finnic *keeltädäk, equivalently kiel- (“tongue”) + -tää; the original meaning was likely simply “to speak”.
From gallofa (“food given to workers, pilgrims”), perhaps from a Medieval Latin expression Galli offa, "food given to Frenchmen [Pilgrim]"; but compare Gothic Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌰 (gahlaiba, “messmate”) and English loaf.