to make dirty, stain (also figurative)
çekim: geçmiş beschmutzte · ortaç beschmutzt · şimdiki beschmutzt · ulaç beschmutzend
eş: verdrecken, verschmutzen, herabwürdigen
köken: be- + schmutzen
aile: Beschmutzer, Beschmutzung, das eigene Nest beschmutzen
to demean, debase, degrade
çekim: geçmiş avili · ortaç avili · şimdiki avilit · ulaç avilissant
köken: From a- + vil + -ir.
🔊 La plus salope était une bourge à particule, sa famille avait encore un château en ruines et elle aimait s'avilir dans les bars.
to denigrate, slur or run down
çekim: geçmiş denigràto · ortaç denigràto · şimdiki denìgra · ulaç denigrànte
eş: infamare, diffamare, calunniare, sparlare, infangare, gettare fango
köken: Inherited from Latin dēnigrāre.
aile: denigrabile
dirt (uncleanliness) · filth, smut, dirt, schmutz · pollution
çekim: çoğul гря́зи · tamlayan гря́зи
eş: пачкотня, месиво
zıt: чистота́
köken: Inherited from Old East Slavic грѣзъ (grězŭ), from Proto-Slavic *grę̑zь.
aile: грязни́ть, грязну́ля, гря́зный, загрязне́ние, загрязни́ть, загрязня́ть, загрязни́ться, загрязня́ться, грязелече́ние, из гря́зи в кня́зи
🔊 непрола́зная грязь
flower · rose · the core of a watermelon (the sweetest part)
çekim: çoğul گلها
köken: Inherited from Late Middle Persian gwl (gul, “rose, flower”), from Old Persian *vr̥dah.
aile: ترگل, نارگل, نازگل, گل سرخ, گل و بلبل, گل کلم, گلاب, گلبرگ, گلدان, گلزار
🔊 زن شیر از آن نامه شهریار چو رخشنده گل شد به وقت بهار
🔊 صبحدم مرغ چمن با گل نوخاسته گفت ناز کم کن که در این باغ بسی چون تو شکفت
dirt, filth
çekim: çoğul çirklər · tamlayan çirkin
köken: From Proto-Turkic *čẹr (“rotten, foul; to rot; illness; dirt; to be sick, ill; rot; glue; anguish, sorrow”) whence also Azerbaijani çürümək (“to rot”); alternatively from Persian چرک (čerk). However, it has been proposed that the latter Persian term is a Turkic borrowing itself (ibid.).
aile: çirkləndirmək, çirklənmək, çirkli
clay · mudbrick · wet mud
köken: Inherited from Proto-Turkic *balčïk (“mud”).
mud, sediment
çekim: çoğul loylar
köken: Inherited from Chagatai لای (lāy), from Classical Persian لای (lāy).
dirt
köken: From Proto-Turkic *kir.
to deface, besmirch, besmear
çekim: geçmiş beklad · ortaç beklad · şimdiki bekladt · ulaç bekladdend
köken: From be- + kladden.
aile: bekladder, bekladding
🔊 De expressionistische schilder bekladde het doek met wat verf.
🔊 De muren van het politiegebouw zijn beklad met anarchistische leuzen.
clay
çekim: çoğul barros
köken: From Vulgar Latin *barrum (“clay, mud”), from Paleo-Hispanic, possibly Celtic; compare Middle Irish broch (“waste, dregs”) and Gaulish *barros (“the bushy end”). Cognate with Galician, Mirandese, and Spanish barro, Asturian barru.
λάσπη με ακαθαρσίες και δυσοσμία που εμφανίζεται στον πυθμένα υδάτινων εκτάσεων (π.χ. λιμάνια, ποτάμια, λίμνες κ.λπ.)
물이 섞여있는 흙.
köken: First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447. From 진 (jin, “wet, watery”) + 흙 (heuk, “dirt”).
to stain (literally) · to stain (figuratively), to defile, to taint
çekim: geçmiş befläckade · ortaç befläckad · ulaç befläckande
köken: Calque of German beflecken, equivalent to be- + fläcka
🔊 Henne jag halfdöd finner med blod-befläckade kläder.
🔊 Min Gud, glöm dem aldrig, ty de har befläckat prästämbetet, prästernas och leviternas förbund.
swamp, marsh, bog · marsh rosemary (Rhododendron tomentosum and the whole Rhododendron subsect. Ledum) · quagmire (demoralizing situation)
çekim: çoğul bagna · tamlayan bagna
eş: bagnisko, mokradło, błota, trzęsawisko, grzęzawisko, topiel
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Slavic *bagno Old Polish bagno Polish bagno Inherited from Old Polish bagno.
aile: bagnisty, bagiennie, bagienność, bagniak, bagnica, bagnistość, bagnoznawstwo, bażyna, zabagniać, zabagnić
🔊 bagno zwyczajne
bog, swamp, marsh · mud, mire (spongy earth) · wild rosemary, northern Labrador tea
çekim: çoğul ба́гна · tamlayan багна́
köken: Inherited from Old Ruthenian багно́ (bahnó), from Old East Slavic багъно (bagŭno), from Proto-Slavic *bagъno.
aile: багни́стий, багни́ти, багни́ще, багно́вище, багню́к, багню́ка
slime, muck, sludge · rheum · a mess
çekim: çoğul कीचड़ों
köken: Inherited from Proto-New Indo-Aryan *किच्च (kicca) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀟- (-ḍa-), with further etymology unknown.
mud, (wet) dirt · garbage, trash, rubbish, something worthless (especially in the partitive singular) · wet, unhardened concrete
çekim: çoğul kurat · tamlayan kuran
köken: From Proto-Finnic *kura (“dirt, mud”) (compare Estonian kura), possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *gurą or alternatively from Proto-Uralic *kura (“dirt, mud”).
aile: kuraantua, kurainen, kurata, kuraeteinen, kurahousut, kurakeli, kuralammikko, kuralapaset, kuralätäkkö, kuramatto
🔊 Tuohan on täyttä kuraa.
🔊 Hänellä on vatsa kuralla.
Çekçe 🔊 bláto (nötr) /ˈblaːto/ hustá směs vody a hlíny
çekim: çoğul bláta · tamlayan bláta
eş: bahno
köken: Inherited from Old Czech bláto, from Proto-Slavic *bolto.
aile: blatník, blátivý, z bláta do louže, zablácený
to mud
çekim: geçmiş înnămolit · ortaç înnămolit · şimdiki înnămolește
köken: From în- + nămol.
to besmirch, to defame, to vilify
çekim: geçmiş gyaláztak
köken: Possibly from a Turkic language + -z (“verb-forming suffix”).
aile: gyalázat, gyalázás, gyalázkodik, agyongyaláz, legyaláz, meggyaláz
soil, dirt, mire, mud · loam, clay
çekim: çoğul luta · tamlayan lutī
köken: From Proto-Indo-European *lew- (“dirt, mud”). Cognate with Old Irish loth (“mud”), Ancient Greek λῦμα (lûma, “dirt, filth”), Albanian lym (“mud”), Lithuanian liutýnas (“loam pit”).
aile: lustrum, lutāmentum, lutārius, Lutātius, lutēnsis, lutēscō, luteus, lutitō, lutō, lutōsus
to knead
çekim: geçmiş æltede · ortaç æltet · ulaç æltende
köken: From Old Danish æltæ, from Old Norse elta.
aile: æltning