köken: From Proto-Turkic *yana (“returning; again”), which was the imperfective converbal form of *yan- (“to return”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰖𐰣𐰀 (jana, “again”, in Irk Bitig); Bashkir және (jəne, “йән”); Kyrgyz жана (jana, “again”), Southern Altai јаны (ǰanï, “near”), Uzbek yana (“again”), Uyghur يەنە (yene, “again”), Turkmen ýene (“again”), Turkish yine (“again”).
köken: Inherited from Chagatai وَ (wa /wä/, “and”), from Classical Persian وَ (wa, “and”), from Arabic وَ (wa, “and”). Cognate with Uyghur ۋە / we / вә (we, “and”); Turkish ve (“and”), etc.
belong, with, together · happy […] (expression of congratulations: may you have a happy […]) · from, to
köken: From Proto-Turkic *bīrle (“with; together, also”). Cognate with Bashkir менән (menən), Uyghur بىلەن (bilen), Turkish ile. The sense of "happy […] " is a semantic loan from Russian с (s).
and then, after...; marks successive action. · and; connects two clauses together. · Used for the main verb to join it to certain auxiliaries.
köken: From Middle Korean -고〮 (Yale: -kwó), probably from Old Korean 遣, although the phonology is potentially problematic. While Old Korean 遣 corresponds exactly to Middle Korean -고〮 (Yale: -kwó) in terms of grammar, the Middle Chinese pronunciation is 遣 (MC khjienX|khjienH), which does not sound like -고〮 (Yale: -kwó). In any case, Old Korean 古 (*-kwo) is also, albeit rarely, attested as a connective…
therefore, thus, consequently · that is, that is to say, (by being synonymous with that is in some cases) in other words, I mean · A filler, often with a somewhat intensifying effect.
köken: Borrowed from Low German also. Compare allt and så. Cognate to Norwegian Bokmål altså and Norwegian Nynorsk altso.
to, in order to, so that (connects sentences either to express the goal of a speaker, when the speaker wishes to communicate a command or wish) · to (used to connect a sequence of actions) · so long as (used to express a wish for anything)
eş: żeby, ażeby, by, iżby
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō Proto-Slavic *a Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- Proto-Indo-European *bʰúHt Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei Proto-Slavic *byti Proto-Slavic *by univ. Proto-Slavic *aby Old Polish aby Polish aby Inherited from Old Polish aby. By surface analysis, univerbation of a + by.
that is, that is to say, i.e.; in other words, to put it another way; as in (used to introduce a clarification or explanation) · or, also known as, AKA, a.k.a. (used to introduce an alternative name) · or (used to introduce an alternate title for a work)
köken: Either from the pronominal stem e- seen in että (compare mikäli, from mikä), or alternatively a North Germanic loan (compare Old Norse ella, ellar, from Proto-Germanic *aljaz). Also compare Estonian elik.
aile: elikkä
Hän tulee tänne maanantaina eli ylihuomenna.
Kuivajää sublimoituu lämmetessään kaasuksi, eli se muuttuu suoraan kaasuksi muuttumatta välillä nesteeksi.