köken: Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish نوكر (nöker), from Middle Mongol ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠷ (nökür, “friend”), whence also Modern Mongolian нөхөр (nöxör, “friend”). Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic Proto-Mongolic *nökör.Cognate with dialectal Turkish nöker. Compare Persian نوکر (nokar), Armenian նոքար (nokʻar), Georgian ნოქარი (nokari), Turkic borrowings.
Pul yaxşı nökərdir, pis ağa.
Bəylərin çoxlu mülkü, nökərləri, var-dövləti olurmuş.
köken: Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kul. Cognates with Azerbaijani qul, Bashkir ҡол (qol), Kazakh құл (qūl), Southern Altai кул (kul), Tatar кол (qol), Turkish kul, Turkmen gul, Uzbek qul.
köken: First attested in 1548. Borrowed from a Slavic language. The front-vowel variant (doublet) of the Hungarian noun család (“family”). The two words separated in the 19th century.
From Old Galician-Portuguese servente (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin serviens, servientem. Doublet of sarxento, from French. Cognate with Portuguese servente, Spanish sirviente.