köken: From Proto-Turkic *buka (“bull”). This appears to be a loanword from a written Turkic language. Note that үгеҙ (ügeź) is used in Bashkir for the general meaning of 'bull".
bull (adult, uncastrated male cattle) · bull (meat of this animal) · stag (adult male of large, plant-eating game animals)
çekim: çoğul byki · tamlayan byka
eş: Tau, ♉
köken: Inherited from Old Polish byk. Sense 5 is a semantic loan from English bull market and sense 6 is a semantic loan from English bull.
aile: po byku, jak byk, z byka, byczak, byczość, bykowiec, chwycić byka za rogi, chwytać byka za rogi, leżeć martwym bykiem, podziałać jak płachta na byka
köken: Back-formation from חֲתִיכָה (khatikhá, “piece, chunk; an attractive woman”), the latter sense being a calque of South Levantine Arabic شقفة (šaqfa /ˈʃaʔ.fa/, literally “piece”).
a bull, steer · the constellation Taurus the bull · an instrument of torture, in the shape of a bull
çekim: çoğul taurī · tamlayan taurī
köken: From Proto-Italic *tauros, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros, which is probably from a non-IE substrate source. Since Latin does not show the metathesis of *-aur- > *-aru- found in terms such as parvum, it is possible that the term is a loanword and that the borrowing postdates the metathesis. However, Latin īnstaurō (< *steh₂u-ro-) perhaps also lacks the same metathesis, which could imply that…