köken: Inherited from Latin ad (“at”) + rīpam (“coast, bank”).
aile: aguas arriba, boca arriba, cuesta arriba, de arriba, hacia arriba, manos arriba, para arriba y para abajo, patas arriba, quark arriba, querer cagar más arriba del culo
denotes location; above, over · denotes location, particularly in relation to a body of water; on, by · denotes motion; to above, to over
eş: powyżej, ponad, powyżej, ponad, do, obok
zıt: znad, pod
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂en- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Balto-Slavic *nōda Proto-Slavic *nadъ Old Polish nad Polish nad Inherited from Old Polish nad.
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úp Proto-Indo-European *-er Proto-Indo-European *upéri Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári Sanskrit उ॒परि॑ (upári) Apabhramsa उप्परि (uppari) Hindi ऊपर Inherited from Apabhramsa उप्परि (uppari), from Sanskrit उ॒परि॑ (upári), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-European *upéri, from *úp + *-er. Cognate with Assamese ওপৰ (üpor).
[of place] above, over, on the top of, upon · [of place] above, beyond · [of measure] above, beyond, over, in addition to
köken: From Proto-Italic *super, from Proto-Indo-European *upér (“over, above”). Cognate to Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “above”), German über (“above, over”), Sanskrit उपरि (upári, “above, upper”), Hindi ऊपर (ūpar, “above, top, up”), Odia ଉପର (upara, “above, up”) and Punjabi ਉੱਪਰ (uppar, “above, top, up”). The accusative is from the pre-PIE directional. The ablative is from the ablative of cause.
aile: super-
Cibus super mēnsam est.
terra autem erat inanis et vacua et tenebrae super faciem abyssi et spiritus Dei ferebatur super aquas
köken: From Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ. Cognate with Muong Bi tliênh. Related to lên. Attested as Northern Middle Vietnamese tlên in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).
aile: bề trên, kính trên nhường dưới, ơn trên, tay trên, trên bảo, dưới không nghe, trên cơ, trên dưới, trên không, trên kính dưới nhường, trên mạng
up (as a direction) · high up (as a position) · above
zıt: до́лу
köken: From the fossilized locative or dative singular of Proto-Slavic *gorà (“mountain”, literally “to/on the mountain”); compare гора́ (gorá, “mountain”, archaic). Stress shift onto the stem is expected in the locative singular but not the dative singular. However, the parallelism with до́лу (dólu, “down”) (which is definitely derived from a dative singular) suggests that this term, too, may derive…