köken: Borrowed from Portuguese casta, if of Germanic origin, possibly from Gothic *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*kasts), from Proto-Germanic *kastuz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ǵ-es- (“to throw”), similar to English cast. Or, alternatively from a derivative of Latin castus.
köken: A Wanderwort, probably from northwestern Indo-Aryan: compare Punjabi ਟੱਬਰ (ṭabbar, “extended family”), Urdu ٹَبَّر (ṭabbar, “extended family”, borrowed from Punjabi), and Pashto ټبر (ṭabə́r, “tribe, clan, people”). Note that the Pashto is clearly borrowed from Indo-Aryan, given the presence of retroflex /ʈ/. However, the word does not have a clear Sanskrit etymology either.
köken: Uncertain, possibly from the feminine of casto (“chaste”) (from Old Galician-Portuguese casto, from Latin castus) or from Gothic *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (*kastan) or *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*kasts), from Proto-Germanic *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), *kastuz.
a birth (the event), childbirth, delivery · nobility, birthright, descent, ancestry, lineage (the privileges that come with birth, e.g. for a nobleman)
çekim: çoğul börder · tamlayan börds
köken: From the verb bära, just like English birth relates to the verb bear. From Old Swedish byrþ, from Old Norse burðr, byrð, Proto-Germanic *burdiz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.
tribe · a traditional historical and cultural subgroup of Finnic peoples (often within what is now considered the Finnish people); best translated as nation · family
çekim: çoğul heimot · tamlayan heimon
köken: From Proto-Finnic *haimo (compare Estonian hõim), borrowed from Proto-Baltic *šáimas (compare Latvian saime), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóymos, *tḱóymos.