serf
/sɛʁf/
eril
FRANSIZCA → TR
Fransızca "serf" kelimesi Türkçe'de esir, karavaş, köle, kul, tutsak anlamına gelir.
Çeviri
Genelesir
Genelkaravaş
Genelköle
Genelkul
Geneltutsak
Çekim Tablosu
çoğulserfs
Tanım
•a serf (semifree peasant obliged to remain on the lord's land and to perform extensive chores for him)
Diğer Dillerde
AlmancaHiwi, Lakai, Leibeigener, Sklave, Sklavin (eril) /ˈhiːvi/
unskilled worker, grunt, hand, drudge
çekim: çoğul Hiwis · tamlayan Hiwis
eş: Hilfswilliger, Hilfswissenschaftler
köken: Clipping of Hilfswilliger.
diminutive of curro
çekim: çoğul curritos
köken: From curro + -ito.
İtalyancaschiava, schiavo, servo della gleba (dişil) /ˈskja.va/
female equivalent of schiavo
çekim: çoğul schiave
eş: serva, prigioniera, oppressa, dominata, in balia, dipendente
Rusçaкрепостна́я, крепостно́й, нево́льник, нево́льница, раб, раба́ /rap/
slave, serf, bondslave (in common sense and about male person, not female separately)
çekim: çoğul рабы́ · tamlayan раба́
eş: илот, холоп, невольник
köken: Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ) via Old East Slavic рабъ (rabŭ), from Proto-Slavic *orbъ. Displaced Old East Slavic робъ (robŭ).
aile: рабовладе́лец, рабовладе́льчество, рабовладе́ние, работорго́вец, работорго́вля, паха́ть как раб на гале́рах
Arapçaأَمَة, عَبْد, قِنّ
slave · captive
çekim: çoğul بردگان
köken: Inherited from Middle Persian 𐫇𐫡𐫅𐫃 (wltk' /wardag/, “slave; captive”).
aile: بَرْدِگی
slave
çekim: çoğul kölələr · tamlayan kölənin
köken: Cognate with Turkish köle (“slave”).
aile: köləlik
Kazakçaқұл
slave
çekim: çoğul құлдар · tamlayan құлдың
köken: From Proto-Turkic *kul (“slave, servant”). Cognate to Old Turkic 𐰴𐰆𐰞 (qul, “slave”), Karakhanid قُلْ (qul, “slave”), Khakas хул (xul), etc.
aile: құлдану, құлданушы, құлдық, құлшылық, Әлімқұл, Иманқұлов, Исламқұлов, Құлов
Coordinate term: күң (küñ)
Орысқа айтар сөз де жоқ, біз құлы, күңі құрлы да жоқпыз.
Özbekçeasir, banda, qul /qul/
slave
çekim: çoğul qullar
köken: Inherited from Chagatai قل (qul, “slave”), from Proto-Turkic *kul (“slave, servant”).
aile: Ahmadquli, Aliquli, Husaynquli, Imomquli, Imonquli, Mahammadquli, Mahdiquli, Murshidquli, Ollohquli, Rizoquli
Türkmencegul
slave · servant
çekim: çoğul gullar · tamlayan guluň
köken: Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kul (“slave, servant”). Cognate to Turkish kul (“slave, servant”)
aile: Gulyýew, Gurbanguly, Işanguly, Magtymguly, Mälikguly, Nurguly, Soltanguly, Şaguly
Kırgızcaкул /quɫ/
slave
çekim: çoğul кулдар · tamlayan кулдун
köken: Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kul. Cognates with Azerbaijani qul, Bashkir ҡол (qol), Kazakh құл (qūl), Southern Altai кул (kul), Tatar кол (qol), Turkish kul, Turkmen gul, Uzbek qul.
aile: Кулов
Uygurcaقۇل
slave
çekim: çoğul قۇللار
köken: From Proto-Turkic *kul (“slave”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰴𐰆𐰞 (qul, “slave”), Karakhanid قُلْ (qul, “slave”); Kazakh құл (qūl), Kyrgyz кул (kul), Southern Altai кул (kul), Bashkir ҡол (qol), Uzbek qul, Khakas хул (xul), Turkish kul (“slave”), etc.
Атушниң базарида, җенима / Сетивалған қулуң мән.
Başkurtçaҡол /qʊ̞ˈɫ/
slave · servant
çekim: çoğul ҡолдар · tamlayan ҡолдоң
köken: From Proto-Turkic *kul (“slave”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰴𐰆𐰞 (qul, “slave”), Karakhanid قُلْ (qul, “slave”); Kazakh құл (qūl), Kyrgyz кул (kul), Southern Altai кул (kul), Uyghur قۇل (qul), Uzbek qul, Khakas хул (xul), Turkish kul (“slave”), etc.
Ҡол хеҙмәте.
Яңы килгән Рәсәй президенты йәнә «ишкәксе ҡол» һымаҡ эшләй алыр микән?
Алтын тәхет өҫтөндә батша ҡыҙы ултырған, дүрт яғынан дүрт ҡоло тәхетене күтәргән.
inflection of horig: · definite neuter singular attributive · plural attributive
çekim: çoğul horigen
köken: From horig.
female equivalent of escravo (“slave”)
çekim: çoğul escravas
Yunancaδούλα, δούλη, δουλοπάροικος, δούλος, κολλίγας, σκλάβα (dişil) /ˈðula/
slave (female) · maidservant
çekim: çoğul δούλες · tamlayan δούλας
eş: σκλάβα
köken: From δούλος m (doúlos) δουλ- + -α (-a, “suffix for feminine”). Compare to the ancient δούλη (doúlē).
a slave (person owned by another, forced to work for another or to perform sexual acts)
eş: 奴僕, 奴婢
性的奴隷／性奴隷
エミちゃん……。ごめんな、ぼく……。もうすぐ負けるよ……。ぼくが負けるときみたちは……。どれい……。ペット……。食料……。
Çince奴隸 /奴隶
in villeinage, in serfdom, adscript
köken: liv + egen, from German leibeigen, used in Swedish since 1631.
Lehçechłop pańszczyźniany, harować, kmieć, niewolnica, niewolnik, rab (eril) /ˈxwɔp paɲ.ʂt͡ʂɘʑˈɲa.nɘ/
serf, carl (partially free peasant of a low hereditary class, attached like a slave to the land owned by a feudal lord and required to perform labour, enjoying minimal legal or customary rights)
çekim: çoğul chłopi · tamlayan chłopa pańszczyźnianego
köken: Literally, “serf peasant”.
Ukraynacaкріпа́к, кріпосна́, кріпосни́й, неві́льник, неві́льниця, раб /rab/
slave, serf
çekim: çoğul раби́ · tamlayan раба́
köken: From Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ), from Proto-Slavic *orbъ. Doublet of роб (rob).
aile: ра́бство, раби́ня
slave, servant · jack
çekim: çoğul ग़ुलामों
köken: Borrowed from Classical Persian غلام (ġulām), from Arabic غُلَام (ḡulām). Cognate to Bengali গোলাম (gōlam).
Fincemaaorja, orja, palkkarenki, palvelija, raataa, raataja /ˈmɑːˌorjɑ/
serf
çekim: çoğul maaorjat · tamlayan maaorjan
köken: maa + orja
aile: maaorjatalonpoika
Çekçenevolníce, nevolník, otročit, otrok, otrokyně, rob (eril) /ˈnɛvolɲiːk/
serf
çekim: çoğul nevolníci · tamlayan nevolníka
eş: poddaný, robotník
köken: By surface analysis, ne- + volný (“free”) + -ník. Compare Slovak nevoľník, Polish niewolnik.
aile: nevolnictví
Etimoloji
Inherited from Middle French serf, from Old French serf, from Latin servus (“slave, serf, servant”), from Proto-Indo-European *ser-wo- (“guardian”), or perhaps of Etruscan origin.