köken: From Old Galician-Portuguese certo, from Latin certus (“certain”), past participle of cernō (“to sift; to discern”), from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to move; to separate”).
isn't it so?; right? · a sentence-final ending used when the speaker rhetorically confirms something they already knew, in order to cross-check the information
directly (straight; not crookedly, obliquely, or circuitously) · directly (proceeding without deviation or interruption) · directly (straightforwardly; sincerely)
very, rather, quite · exactly, precisely, just · completely, totally
köken: From Proto-Finnic *aivan (an instructive singular, compare ihan), probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háywas, or alternatively from Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“long time”). Cognate with Votic aiva (“always”) and Estonian aiva (“always”).
not (negation, denial, refusal) · not (in a question, expecting a positive answer) · isn’t it so (postponed, turning an affirmative utterance into a question)
eş: ej, ikke sandt?, ikke også?
zıt: vel
köken: From Old Norse ekki (“not”), cognate with Jutish itt, Swedish icke, inte. The neuter of the Old Norse pronoun engi (“nobody, no”), see ingen.
aile: det ved jeg ikke, heller ikke, jeg forstår ikke, slet ikke