-ություն
/uˈtʰjun/
ERMENICE → TR
Ermenice "-ություն" kelimesi Türkçe'de -cak, -cik, -çik, -cık, -çık anlamına gelir.
Çeviri
Genel-cak
Genel-cik
Genel-çik
Genel-cık
Genel-çık
Genel-cuk
Genel-cük
Genel-çuk
Genel-çük
Genel-ite
Genel-lik
Genel-lık
Tanım
•Forming abstract and collective nouns, -ity, -ness, -dom, -hood, -y, -ship.
Diğer Dillerde
nowadays the most common suffix to create a diminutive form
köken: From Middle High German -echen, -ichen, from Old High German *-ihīn, *-uhīn, from Proto-West Germanic *-ukīn. Native to the Central German dialects, -chen has widely replaced the southern-based -lein in standard usage. Cognate with German Low German -ken, -ke as well as Dutch -tje and -ken. More at -kin.
Hund (“dog”) + -chen → Hündchen (“little dog”)
Backe (“cheek”) + -chen → Bäckchen (“little cheek”)
Nicker (“nap”) + -chen → Nickerchen (“catnap”)
Forming nouns with the sense of "action or result of Xing" or, more rarely, "action related to X". · Forming nouns with the sense of "state of being (a) X". · Forming collective nouns.
eş: -ment
köken: Inherited from Middle French -age, from Old French -age, from Latin -āticum, greatly extended from words like rivage and voyage.
forms nouns representing the property corresponding to an adjective; -ity
köken: Inherited from Old Spanish -dat, from Latin -tātem, from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts.
added to verbs to form abstract nouns; -ency; -ence; -ance
köken: From Latin -ĕntia. Compare French -ence, Portuguese -ença, -ência, Romanian -ință, -ență, Spanish -enza, -encia.
accogliere (“to welcome”) + -enza → accoglienza (“hospitality”)
obbedire (“to obey”) + -enza → obbedienza (“obedience”)
tendere (“to tend”) + -enza → tendenza (“tendency”)
alternative form of -ок (-ok) (after the unpaired sibilants ш ж ч щ ц and unpaired palatal й)
eş: -ок, -ëк
köken: Regular phonological variant of -ок (-ok) after unpaired palatal or originally palatal sounds.
чаёк (čajók, “tea”) + -ек (-ek) → чаёчек (čajóček, “tea”)
Arapçaـِيَّة
Farsça-ی, ـش /ˈ‿aʃ/
Third-person singular possessive suffix. · Marks third-person singular in the simple past of intransitive verbs.
köken: From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭭 (-išn).
سوختش
used to derive abstract nouns from adjectives; -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom, -ity · used to derive abstract nouns from nouns; -ship · used to derive nouns denoting work/jobs from nouns denoting professions
köken: From Proto-Turkic *-lik. Cognate with Turkish -lik (“-ness”).
gözəl (“beautiful”) + -lik → gözəllik (“beauty”)
ölməz (“immortal”) + -lik → ölməzlik (“immortality”)
boş (“empty”) + -lik → boşluq (“emptiness”)
Kazakça-ция
Özbekçe-tsiya
Türkmence-siýa
Kırgızca-ция
Appended to a noun or adjective to form a new noun or adjective denoting a property or state of being. · Appended to a noun or adjective to form a new noun denoting a group or compendium of things. · Appended to a noun or adjective to form a new noun with a broader, generalized meaning.
köken: Cognate with Turkish -lik
тиҙ (tiź, “fast”) → тиҙлек (tiźlek, “speed, velocity”)
мәңге (məñge, “eternal”) → мәңгелек (məñgelek, “eternity”)
ғүмер (ğümer, “lifetime”) → ғүмерлек (ğümerlek, “life-long”)
alternative form of -idade
eş: -idade, -eidade
köken: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -dade, from Latin -tātem, from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts.
added to a verb form to create gerund nouns
τρέχω (trécho, “to run”) + -ιμο (-imo) → τρέξιμο (tréximo, “running”)
φταίω (ftaío, “to be at fault”) + -ιμο (-imo) → φταίξιμο (ftaíximo, “blame”)
σφάζω (sfázo, “to slaughter”) + -ιμο (-imo) → σφάξιμο (sfáximo, “slaughter”)
Japonca-さ, -ション, -みたい, -付き, -化, -性
to, -ing, that...; derives verbal and adjectival substantives. · -ing, -ment, -tion; derives nouns from verbs and adjectives.
köken: From Middle Korean -기〮 (-kí) ~ -이〮 (-í). The suffix was rare in fifteenth-century Middle Korean (Lee and Ramsey 2011, p. 177), but came to increasingly displace -옴 (-wom).
아기들은 울기만 한다.
죽기는 쉽고 살기는 어렵다.
이 아이는 그림 그리기를 잘한다.
creates adjectives; -like, -ish
köken: From Old Swedish -aktogher, borrowed from Middle Low German -achtig, from -haftich (see German -haft). Cognate to Danish -agtig, Dutch -achtig, German -haft.
forms verbal nouns (gerunds) from verbs in conjugations: I, IX, Xb
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Balto-Slavic *-nisder. Proto-Slavic *-nь Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Balto-Slavic *-is Proto-Slavic *-ь Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jas Proto-Slavic *-jь Proto-Slavic *-ьje Proto-Slavic *-nьje Old Polish -anie Polish -anie Inherited from Old Polish -anie, from Proto-Slavic *-nьje.
czytać + -anie → czytanie
mazać + -anie → mazanie
lać + -anie → lanie
Suffix used to form verbal nouns from verbs; added especially to verbs ending in -ати (-aty) (alternatively -яти (-jaty)): -ing, -tion, -ence, -ance, -ment, etc.
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ā́ˀtei Proto-Slavic *-ati Ukrainian -а^((ти)) (-a⁽ᵗʸ⁾) Proto-Slavic *-n- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Balto-Slavic *-is Proto-Slavic *-ь Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jas Proto-Slavic *-jь Proto-Slavic *-ьje Ukrainian -ння (-nnja)…
гарантува́ти impf or pf (harantuváty, “to guarantee”) + -а́ння (-ánnja) → гарантува́ння (harantuvánnja, “guaranteeing”)
покара́ти pf (pokaráty, “to punish”) + -а́ння (-ánnja) → покара́ння (pokaránnja, “punishment”)
підтри́мати pf (pidtrýmaty, “to support”) + -ання (-annja) → підтри́мання (pidtrýmannja, “support(ing)”)
Hintçe-ई, -करण, -शन /iː/
suffix forming feminine equivalents from masculine nouns · suffix forming diminutive nouns from masculine nouns
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-Iranian *i- Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Indo-Iranian *-kas Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ikas Sanskrit -इक (-ika) Sanskrit -इका (-ikā) Prakrit -इया (-iyā) ▲ Sanskrit -ई (-ī)influ. Hindi -ई Inherited from Old Hindi -ई (-ī), from Prakrit -इया (-iyā), -ई (-ī), from Sanskrit -इका (-ikā), -ई (-ī) and also influenced by Sanskrit -ई (-ī). Doublet of -इका (-ikā). See -इयाँ (-iyā̃),…
लड़का (laṛkā, “boy”) + -ई (-ī) → लड़की (laṛkī, “girl”)
कटोरा (kaṭorā, “bowl”) + -ई (-ī) → कटोरी (kaṭorī, “little bowl, cup”)
Fince-inen, -iteetti, -minen, -nen, -sto, -tio /-inen/
Creates adjectives: · Creates adjectives indicating a material of which something is made: -en · Creates adjectives from present active participles, indicating a tendency to be/do something.
köken: From Proto-Finnic *-inën. Originally also had the variant -nen, but in the standard language, the two variants have been made distinct by giving them different uses.
aile: -hinen, -iainen, -istaa, -isuus, -kainen, -lainen, -llinen, -mainen, -minen, -nainen
vuoristo (“mountain range”) + -inen → vuoristoinen (“mountainous”)
sotku (“mess”) + -inen → sotkuinen (“messy”)
talvi (“winter”) + -inen → talvinen (“wintry”)
-or, -er
köken: Inherited from Old Czech -cě, from Proto-Slavic *-ьca.
vládnout + -ce → vládce
zradit + -ce → zrádce
diminutive suffix (e.g. copil (“child”) + -aș → copilaș (“little child”)) · used with a noun to make words related to profession
köken: Probably a suffix with multiple etymologies, from both Proto-Slavic *-ašь and Hungarian -as.
meserie (“handcraft”) + -aș → meseriaș (“handicraftsman”)
poștă (“mail”) + -aș → poștaș (“postman”)
Added to a noun to form an adjective meaning "having something, a quality"; sometimes referred to as ornative. · Added to a noun to form an occupation or a collective noun. · Added to an ordinal number to form a digit or figure, cf. the relevant template.
haj (“hair”) + -as → hajas (“covered with hair”)
fazék (“pot”) + -as → fazekas (“potter”)
három (“three”) + -as → hármas (“the digit or figure 3”)
A suffix indicating a periodical or a journal. · A diminutive suffix. · A suffix indicating collections.
köken: Related to Arabic ـَانٌ (-ān).
יֶרַח (yérakh, “(archaic) a month”) + ־ון → יַרְחוֹן (yár'khon, “a monthly periodical”)
ברווז \ בַּרְוָז (barváz, “a duck”) + ־ון → ברווזון \ בַּרְוָזוֹן (barvazón, “a duckling”)
שְׁאֵלָה (sh'elá, “a question”) + ־ון → שְׁאֵלוֹן (sh'elón, “a questionnaire”)
Used to form country names
eş: -iēs
köken: From substantivisation of the feminine of the adjectival suffix -ius, from Proto-Italic *-(i)jos. Compare -ium as a noun-forming suffix. Occasionally from Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā), -ία (-ía) and -εια (-eia), and so ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂.
absēns + -ia → absentia dēmēns + -ia → dēmentia valēns + -ia → valentia
audāx + -ia → audācia angustus + -ia → angustia fācundus + -ia → fācundia ignāvus + -ia → ignāvia opulentus + -ia → opulentia
custōs + -ia → custōdia mīles + -ia → mīlitia victor + -ia → victōria gōgrāvius + -ia → gōgrāvia (Medieval Latin)
Etimoloji
From Old Armenian -ութիւն (-utʻiwn).