nowadays the most common suffix to create a diminutive form
köken: From Middle High German -echen, -ichen, from Old High German *-ihīn, *-uhīn, from Proto-West Germanic *-ukīn. Native to the Central German dialects, -chen has widely replaced the southern-based -lein in standard usage. Cognate with German Low German -ken, -ke as well as Dutch -tje and -ken. More at -kin.
forms words, derived from nouns, signifying a group (i.e. it forms collective nouns) · forms words, derived from nouns, corresponding to -ful (as much as something will hold) · forms words indicating a period of time
köken: From Proto-Iranian *-mánts (possessive suffix), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-mánts, from Proto-Indo-European *-ménts. Cognate with Avestan -𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬝 (-mant̰) and Sanskrit -मत् (-mat).
köken: From Old Swedish -aktogher, borrowed from Middle Low German -achtig, from -haftich (see German -haft). Cognate to Danish -agtig, Dutch -achtig, German -haft.
Creates adjectives: · Creates adjectives indicating a material of which something is made: -en · Creates adjectives from present active participles, indicating a tendency to be/do something.
köken: From Proto-Finnic *-inën. Originally also had the variant -nen, but in the standard language, the two variants have been made distinct by giving them different uses.
Added to a noun to form an adjective meaning "having something, a quality"; sometimes referred to as ornative. · Added to a noun to form an occupation or a collective noun. · Added to an ordinal number to form a digit or figure, cf. the relevant template.
haj (“hair”) + -as → hajas (“covered with hair”)
fazék (“pot”) + -as → fazekas (“potter”)
három (“three”) + -as → hármas (“the digit or figure 3”)
Forms nouns from other nouns and adjectives with the sense of ‘person or thing connected or involved with, belonging to, having’. · Forms adjectives from other nouns and adjectives with the sense of ‘connected or involved with, belonging to, having’.
köken: From Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂kos, *-eh₂ḱos, from a-stem suffix *-eh₂ + adjectival suffix *-kos, *-ḱos; compare Welsh -og. Doublet of -óg.
aile: -achán, -achas
Éire (“Ireland”) + -ach → Éireannach (“Irish (person)”)
An adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form denoting origination or having a quality: -an, -ic · A surname suffix in the northern (mountainous) part of Georgia
გმირი (gmiri, “hero”) + -ული (-uli) → გმირული (gmiruli, “heroic”)
არაბი (arabi, “Arab”) + -ული (-uli) → არაბული (arabuli, “Arabic”)
ადმინისტრაცია (adminisṭracia, “administration”) + -ული (-uli) → ადმინისტრაციული (adminisṭraciuli, “administrative”)
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Austronesian *ma- Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma- Tagalog ma- Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-, from Proto-Austronesian *ma- (stative prefix). See also may (existential marker).
ma- + linis (“cleanliness”) → malinis (“clean”)
ma- + ligo (“bath”) → maligo (“to take a bath; to bathe”)
ma- + basa (“wet”) → mabasa (“to become wet”)
Etimoloji
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.? Proto-Italic *-ōtsos or *-otsos Latin -ōsus Likely reflects a derivation *-h₃d-s-o- from Proto-Indo-European *h₃édos ~ *h₃édesos (“smell”), whence odor. Originally meaning “smelling like”, as evidenced possibly by hircōsus (“smelling like a goat”) and vinōsus (“fond of wine, *reeking of wine?”), it…