-ka
/kɒ/
MACARCA → TR
Macarca "-ka" kelimesi Türkçe'de -cağız, -cak, -ceğiz, -cik, -çik anlamına gelir.
Çeviri
Genel-cağız
Genel-cak
Genel-ceğiz
Genel-cik
Genel-çik
Genel-cık
Genel-çık
Genel-cuk
Genel-cük
Genel-çuk
Genel-çük
Tanım
•Added to a word to express smallness, youth, unimportance, or endearment. When added to present participles, it can also express the instrument or place of the action indicated in the base word.
Diğer Dillerde
nowadays the most common suffix to create a diminutive form
köken: From Middle High German -echen, -ichen, from Old High German *-ihīn, *-uhīn, from Proto-West Germanic *-ukīn. Native to the Central German dialects, -chen has widely replaced the southern-based -lein in standard usage. Cognate with German Low German -ken, -ke as well as Dutch -tje and -ken. More at -kin.
Hund (“dog”) + -chen → Hündchen (“little dog”)
Backe (“cheek”) + -chen → Bäckchen (“little cheek”)
Nicker (“nap”) + -chen → Nickerchen (“catnap”)
past participle root verb suffix of regular -er verbs, an inflected infinitive verb; -ed, -en, -n
köken: Inherited from Middle French -é, from Old French -é, -et, -at, from Latin -ātus, from Proto-Italic *-ātos. Compare the borrowed doublet -at.
pensé-je
forms nouns representing the property corresponding to an adjective; -ity
köken: Inherited from Old Spanish -dat, from Latin -tātem, from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts.
feminine of -etto
molla (“spring”) + -etta → molletta (“clothes peg”)
maglia (“shirt”) + -etta → maglietta (“T-shirt”)
attrice (“actress”) + -etta → attricetta (“starlet”)
alternative form of -ок (-ok) (after the unpaired sibilants ш ж ч щ ц and unpaired palatal й)
eş: -ок, -ëк
köken: Regular phonological variant of -ок (-ok) after unpaired palatal or originally palatal sounds.
чаёк (čajók, “tea”) + -ек (-ek) → чаёчек (čajóček, “tea”)
forms nouns, from adjectives, denoting states, conditions and qualities; -ness; -ity; -y; -hood · forms the names of medical conditions; -y; -ia · forms the names of offices or jobs; -ship
alegre (“joyful”) + -ia → alegria (“joy”)
acéfalo (“acephalous”) + -ia → acefalia (“acephaly”)
governador (“governor”) + -ia → governadoria (“the job or office of a governor”)
Japonca-みたい, -付き, -有り, -様な, -状, -質
creates adjectives; -like, -ish
köken: From Old Swedish -aktogher, borrowed from Middle Low German -achtig, from -haftich (see German -haft). Cognate to Danish -agtig, Dutch -achtig, German -haft.
masculine diminutive noun suffix
eş: -ik, -unio, -ik
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Slavic *-kъ Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ Old Polish -ek Polish -ek Inherited from Old Polish -ek.
dół + -ek → dołek
Jarosław + -ek → Jarek
Ukraynaca-ий / ɪi̯/
masculine nominative singular adjective ending · masculine inanimate accusative singular adjective ending
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Slavic *-ъjь (/*-ьjь /*-jьjь/) Old Ruthenian -ий /-ый /-ій /-їй (-ij)der. Ukrainian -ий Derived from Old Ruthenian -ий /-ый /-ій /-їй (-ij), from Proto-Slavic *-ъjь (/*-ьjь /*-jьjь/). Cognate with Belarusian -ы (-y), Russian -ый (-yj), Polish -y.
одно- (odno-, “one”) + око (oko, “eye”) + -ий (-yj) → одноо́кий (odnoókyj, “one-eyed”)
світлий (svitlyj, “light”) + во́лос (vólos, “hair”) + -ий (-yj) → світловоло́сий (svitlovolósyj, “light-haired”)
без- (bez-, “without”) + зуб (zub, “tooth”) + -ий (-yj) → беззу́бий (bezzúbyj, “toothless”, literally “no-toothed”)
Creates adjectives: · Creates adjectives indicating a material of which something is made: -en · Creates adjectives from present active participles, indicating a tendency to be/do something.
köken: From Proto-Finnic *-inën. Originally also had the variant -nen, but in the standard language, the two variants have been made distinct by giving them different uses.
aile: -hinen, -iainen, -istaa, -isuus, -kainen, -lainen, -llinen, -mainen, -minen, -nainen
vuoristo (“mountain range”) + -inen → vuoristoinen (“mountainous”)
sotku (“mess”) + -inen → sotkuinen (“messy”)
talvi (“winter”) + -inen → talvinen (“wintry”)
diminutive suffix (e.g. copil (“child”) + -aș → copilaș (“little child”)) · used with a noun to make words related to profession
köken: Probably a suffix with multiple etymologies, from both Proto-Slavic *-ašь and Hungarian -as.
meserie (“handcraft”) + -aș → meseriaș (“handicraftsman”)
poștă (“mail”) + -aș → poștaș (“postman”)
A suffix indicating a periodical or a journal. · A diminutive suffix. · A suffix indicating collections.
köken: Related to Arabic ـَانٌ (-ān).
יֶרַח (yérakh, “(archaic) a month”) + ־ון → יַרְחוֹן (yár'khon, “a monthly periodical”)
ברווז \ בַּרְוָז (barváz, “a duck”) + ־ון → ברווזון \ בַּרְוָזוֹן (barvazón, “a duckling”)
שְׁאֵלָה (sh'elá, “a question”) + ־ון → שְׁאֵלוֹן (sh'elón, “a questionnaire”)
Used to form country names
eş: -iēs
köken: From substantivisation of the feminine of the adjectival suffix -ius, from Proto-Italic *-(i)jos. Compare -ium as a noun-forming suffix. Occasionally from Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā), -ία (-ía) and -εια (-eia), and so ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂.
absēns + -ia → absentia dēmēns + -ia → dēmentia valēns + -ia → valentia
audāx + -ia → audācia angustus + -ia → angustia fācundus + -ia → fācundia ignāvus + -ia → ignāvia opulentus + -ia → opulentia
custōs + -ia → custōdia mīles + -ia → mīlitia victor + -ia → victōria gōgrāvius + -ia → gōgrāvia (Medieval Latin)
Norveççe-ig
forms diminutives or endearing variants of nouns
köken: Inherited from Late Latin -ittus.
llaç (“knot, loop”) + -et → llacet (diminutive)
formatge (“cheese”) + -et → formatget (diminutive)
rei (“king”) + -et → reiet (diminutive)
adjective-forming suffix meaning abounding in, full of; -y
köken: From Old Galician-Portuguese -ento, from Latin -entus.
balor (“mould”) + -ento → balorento (“mouldy”)
cheiro (“stench”) + -ento → cheirento (“stinky”)
ferruxe (“rust”) + -ento → ferruxento (“rusty”)
diminutive suffix · Used to form the singulative of certain words.
bryn (“hill”) + -cyn → bryncyn (“hillock”)
lle (“place”) + -cyn → llecyn (“small place, spot”)
Huw (“Huw”) + -cyn → Huwcyn (“little Huw (pet name)”)
Forms nouns from other nouns and adjectives with the sense of ‘person or thing connected or involved with, belonging to, having’. · Forms adjectives from other nouns and adjectives with the sense of ‘connected or involved with, belonging to, having’.
köken: From Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂kos, *-eh₂ḱos, from a-stem suffix *-eh₂ + adjectival suffix *-kos, *-ḱos; compare Welsh -og. Doublet of -óg.
aile: -achán, -achas
Éire (“Ireland”) + -ach → Éireannach (“Irish (person)”)
Sasana (“England”) + -ach → Sasanach (“English (person)”)
bunús (“basis”) + -ach → bunúsach (“basic”)
Ermenice-ակ, -իկ, -ություն, -ուկ /ɑk/
forming diminutives · forming names of things (tools) or people performing some action · forming names of animals and plants
köken: From Old Armenian -ակ (-ak).
գետակ
սուզակ
սահնակ
An adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form denoting origination or having a quality: -an, -ic · A surname suffix in the northern (mountainous) part of Georgia
გმირი (gmiri, “hero”) + -ული (-uli) → გმირული (gmiruli, “heroic”)
არაბი (arabi, “Arab”) + -ული (-uli) → არაბული (arabuli, “Arabic”)
ადმინისტრაცია (adminisṭracia, “administration”) + -ული (-uli) → ადმინისტრაციული (adminisṭraciuli, “administrative”)
Tagalogcama- /ma/
used to form adjectives indicating a quality
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Austronesian *ma- Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma- Tagalog ma- Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-, from Proto-Austronesian *ma- (stative prefix). See also may (existential marker).
ma- + linis (“cleanliness”) → malinis (“clean”)
ma- + ligo (“bath”) → maligo (“to take a bath; to bathe”)
ma- + basa (“wet”) → mabasa (“to become wet”)
Tamilce-ஆன /ɑːnɐ/
forms adjectives from nouns.
köken: See ஆன (āṉa).
முக்கியம் (mukkiyam, “greatness, importance”) + -ஆன (-āṉa) → முக்கியமான (mukkiyamāṉa, “important”)
ஈரம் (īram, “wetness, moisture”) + -ஆன (-āṉa) → ஈரமான (īramāṉa, “wet, moist”)
Esperanto-et- /-et-/
denotes diminution of degree
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Italic *-tosder.? Late Latin -ittus Old French -et Middle French -et French -etbor. ▲ Late Latin -ittus Italian -ettobor. Esperanto -et- Borrowed from French -et, -ette and Italian -etto, -etta, ultimately from Latin -ittus.
aile: eta, etigi, etulo
domo (“house”) + -et- → dometo (“cottage”)
urbo (“city”) + -et- → urbeto (“town”)
tranĉilo (“knife”) + -et- → tranĉileto (“penknife”)
forms adjectives from nouns. · -er (one who does or makes)
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-Iranian *i- Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Indo-Iranian *-kas Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ikas Sanskrit -इक Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ikas, from i-stem *i- + *-kas, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Compare Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós), Latin -icus (both whence English -ic), Old English -iġ (whence English -y), and Old Church Slavonic -ъкъ (-ŭkŭ).
ast-ín, -ina, -osa, -osu
cmn兒 /儿
Etimoloji
From Proto-Finno-Ugric. Compare Finnish -kka.