to steal, pinch · to be busy · to toil, to work hard
çekim: geçmiş afané · ortaç afanado · şimdiki afana
eş: bregar
köken: Unknown. Perhaps from Arabic فَنَاء (fanāʔ), although Vulgar Latin etymologies have also been suggested. Cognate with Italian affannare (“to leave breathless; vex”).
to toil, to labour (UK), to labor (US), to work hard
çekim: geçmiş κοπίασα · ortaç έχοντας κοπιάσει · şimdiki κοπιάζει · ulaç κοπιάζοντας
köken: Inherited and learned borrowing from Koine Greek κοπιάζω (kopiázō). See the ancient verb κοπιόω (kopióō). By surface analysis, κόπ(ος) (kóp(os)) + -ιάζω (-iázo).
to walk with bent knees; to walk with a heavy burden · to labor, to strive; to work specifically to earn money · to toil, to plod; to work or go laboriously
çekim: geçmiş knegade · ortaç knegad · ulaç knegande
köken: From knä (“knee”). Doublet of knäa, which is derived from an alternative form of the same noun.
köken: From Old Latin labōs, of uncertain origin: * Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European root *leb- (“to seize, take”), whence Sanskrit लभते (labhate, “take, gain”) and Lithuanian lõbis (“wealth”). * More commonly connected with labō (“to totter”) (see Etymology 2 below), via semantic development "teetering under a heavy load" → "burden" → "work", but this is rejected by De Vaan, who however provides no…
aile: labōrō, ēlabōrō
rege Numa, frūctū nōn respondente labōrī,
Labore operis incitati
et mediae tempora noctis erant, iam ducibus somnum dederat labor
Probably borrowed from Middle Low German schoft (“a quarter day's work”), related to Schub (“batch (work that can be performed in one run)”) and schieben (“to shove”). Unrelated to Schuft (“scoundrel”).