köken: From a merger of Middle High German bürde and bürden, respectively from Old High German burdī and burdin, from Proto-West Germanic *burþī and *burþini, which last is also the source of English burden. The two forms were bound to merge because all Middle High German feminines in -en yield modern German -e (cf. Kette etc. and see Lüge for a similar merger).
whip, lash, scourge (multi-tailed whip, especially when used by flagellants for mortification of the sinful flesh) · lash (stroke with a whip) · spanking, licking, thrashing (severe beating)
köken: Not attested in Middle Persian, but compare شکن (šikan-, “to break”). Akin to Manichaean Parthian 𐫀𐫢𐫞𐫏𐫗𐫋 (ʾšqynj /iškenǰ/, “twisted rope”, attested only once), perhaps related to 𐫀𐫢𐫐𐫗 (ʾškn /iškenn-/, “to break”).
aile: شکنجه کردن, شکنجهگر
هر آن روزی که گفتم شادمانم شِکَنْجَه گشت شادی بر روانم
köken: From Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb), probably via Persian عذاب ('azâb). Cognate with Bashkir ғазап (ğazap), Turkish azap, Kyrgyz азап (azap), Tatar газап (ğazap), Uzbek azob, etc.
a scourge (whip) · a scourge (source of persistent trouble)
çekim: çoğul gissels · tamlayan gissels
eş: plåga, piska, spö, stav
köken: Old Swedish gisl and the older gesl, having feminine gender. Used in the 1541 Bible translation with the plural gisslar. Corresponding to Old Norse geisli, related to Old Norse geirr (“spear”), Old English ger (“spear”) and English gear. Cognates include Icelandic geisli, German Geißel, Dutch gesel.