köken: From Middle High German geverte, from Old High German giferto (“companion, he who travels with someone”), from Proto-West Germanic *gafardijō. By surface analysis, ge- + Fahrt + -e. Cognate with Old Dutch geferdi, Middle Low German gevērde. Also related with Old English ġefēra.
buddy, mate · comrade (companion or fellow socialist or communist)
çekim: çoğul camarades
eş: copain, ami, compagnon, condisciple
köken: From Spanish camarada, itself from cámara (“chamber”) rather than Italian camerata which is slightly later but which influenced the form camerade which is attested in the 16th and 17th centuries. Both Italian and Spanish correspond to the construction of French chambrée. Before 1571, camarade ("soldiers' dormitory") is feminine. 1587, in military slang camarade either masculine or feminine, with…
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *yewg- Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *yugtós Proto-Indo-Iranian *yuktás Proto-Iranian *yuxtáh Middle Persian [script needed] (ywht /ǰuxt/) Persian جفت From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ywht /ǰuxt/), from Proto-Iranian *yuxtáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yuktás, from Proto-Indo-European *yugtós. Doublet of یوغ (yuġ) and زوج (zowj).
köken: Inherited from Chagatai یولداش (ywldāš /yōldāš/). By surface analysis, yoʻl (“road”) + -dosh (suffix of common possession). Cognate with Uyghur يولداش / yoldash / йолдаш; Turkish yoldaş; Kazakh جولداس / жолдас (joldas), Kyrgyz جولدوش / жолдош (joldoş); etc. The sense ‘satellite’ is a semantic loan from Russian спу́тник (spútnik).
placenta, afterbirth (vascular organ in mammals during gestation) · placenta · a type of pie or pastry
çekim: çoğul πλακούντες · tamlayan πλακούντα
köken: Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πλακοῦς, -οῦντος (plakoûs, -oûntos, “flat cake”), from πλάξ (pláx, “flat thing”). Sense 1 and sense 2 are semantic loans from New Latin placenta.
köken: 길 (gil, “road”) + -ㅅ- (-s-, genitive interfix; omitted from the spelling, but this causes the tense phonation of the following consonant) + 동무 (dongmu, “friend”).
köken: Borrowed from New Latin placenta, from Latin placenta, from Ancient Greek πλακόεντα (plakóenta). Compare also the doublet plăcintă, inherited from the same source.
(male) comrade (a person who holds the same views and similar (political) principles as someone else) · comrade (a fellow socialist, communist or other similarly politically aligned person) · comrade (a non-hierarchical title, functionally similar to "Mr.", "Mrs.", "Miss", "Ms." etc, in a communist or socialist state)
çekim: çoğul elvtársak
köken: First attested in 1837. From elv + társ. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.
aile: elvtársi, elvtársnő
Etimoloji
By surface analysis, жол (jol) + -дас (-das). Cognate with Kyrgyz جولدوش / жолдош (joldoş), Kumyk ёлдаш (yoldaş), Crimean Tatar ёлдаш / yoldaş; Uyghur يولداش / yoldash / йолдаш (yoldash), Uzbek yoʻldosh; Turkish yoldaş; etc.