to punish
çekim: geçmiş bestrafte · ortaç bestraft · şimdiki bestraft · ulaç bestrafend
eş: strafen
köken: From Middle High German bestrāfen, equivalent to be- + strafen. Cognate with Middle Low German bestraffen, German Low German bestrafen.
aile: Bestrafer, Bestrafung
to chastise, punish, castigate, smite
çekim: geçmiş châtié · ortaç châtié · şimdiki châtie · ulaç châtiant
eş: punir, sanctionner, frapper, fustiger, houspiller, morigéner
köken: Inherited from Old French chastier, castier inherited from Latin castīgāre.
aile: qui aime bien châtie bien
to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct) · to ground, gate (to punish, especially a child or teenager, by forcing them to stay at home and/or give up certain privileges)
çekim: geçmiş castigué · ortaç castigado · şimdiki castiga
eş: sancionar, espolear
zıt: descastigar
köken: Inherited from Old Spanish castigar, an early borrowing from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”).
to disapprove (of) · to frown upon
çekim: geçmiş disapprovàto · ortaç disapprovàto · şimdiki disappròva · ulaç disapprovànte
eş: biasimare, censurare, criticare, riprovare, riprendere, condannare
köken: From dis- + approvare; cognate with Piedmontese disaprové.
to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)
çekim: geçmiş castiguei · ortaç castigado · şimdiki castiga
köken: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese castigar, from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, to reprimand”), possibly an early borrowing.
aile: castigo
to scold; to rebuke, to tell (somebody) off, to chide
çekim: geçmiş 꾸짖었다
köken: First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 구짖〮다〮 (Yale: kwùcíc-tá).
to discipline, to bring up, to punish, to tame · to arrange, to organize (something growing wild, e.g. a plant, a garden)
çekim: geçmiş tuktade · ortaç tuktad · ulaç tuktande
köken: tukt + -a, like German züchten
🔊 1847, Carl August Hagberg, Swedish translation of William Shakespeare's works Så tuktas en argbigga
to criticize (to find fault)
çekim: geçmiş krytykowano · şimdiki krytykuje
köken: Etymology tree Polish krytyka Proto-Indo-European *h₂euh₁-der.? Proto-Slavic *-ovati Old Polish -ować Polish -ować Polish krytykować From krytyka + -ować.
to convict (find guilty) · to sentence, to condemn (assign punishment) · to condemn, to damn (criticize strongly)
çekim: geçmiş засу́джуваний · şimdiki засу́джує
eş: осу́джувати
köken: From the засу́дж- (zasúdž-) stem of засуди́ти (zasudýty) + -увати (-uvaty).
aile: засу́джування
to criticize, rebuke, reproach · to reprove (to convey one’s disapproval, especially in a gentle, sweet, kind tone) · to dispute
çekim: geçmiş moittinut · şimdiki moittii · ulaç moittiva
eş: arvostella, torua
köken: From Proto-Finnic *moittidak. Cognates include Ingrian moittia, Karelian moittie and Ludian moittida.
aile: moite, moitinta, moitiskella, moittija, moittiminen
🔊 moittia testamenttia
to rebuke, to upbraid, to reproach
çekim: geçmiş kárala · ortaç kárala · şimdiki kárá
köken: Inherited from Old Czech kárati, from Proto-Slavic *karati.
aile: pokárat, vykárat
to quarrel, squabble, argue, altercate, row, argufy, wrangle, fall out with someone · to scold, chide, rebuke, reprove, reprehend
çekim: geçmiş certat · ortaç certat · şimdiki ceartă
köken: Inherited from Latin certāre.
aile: certare, ceartă
imperfective form of нака́жа (nakáža): to say a lot of things; to punish
çekim: geçmiş none · ortaç нака́зван · şimdiki нака́зва · ulaç нака́зващ
köken: By surface analysis, нака́жа (nakáža) + -вам (-vam).
aile: наказу́ем
to punish, to correct, to chastise, to castigate
çekim: geçmiş castiguei · ortaç castigado · şimdiki castiga
zıt: premiar
köken: From Old Galician-Portuguese castigar, from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”), possibly an early borrowing.
aile: castigo
to correct; rectify, amend; chastise, reprove; adjust · to compose, arrange · to expound
çekim: geçmiş ceartaithe · ortaç ceartaithe · şimdiki ceartaíonn sé
köken: From ceart (“correct, right”) + -igh. Compare Manx kiartee.
aile: fabhtcheartaigh
to humiliate, demean · to make humble
çekim: geçmiş kisha përulur · şimdiki të përulë
köken: From për- + ul.
aile: përulës, përulje, përultas, përulur