to punish
çekim: geçmiş bestrafte · ortaç bestraft · şimdiki bestraft · ulaç bestrafend
eş: strafen
köken: From Middle High German bestrāfen, equivalent to be- + strafen. Cognate with Middle Low German bestraffen, German Low German bestrafen.
aile: Bestrafer, Bestrafung
to chastise, punish, castigate, smite
çekim: geçmiş châtié · ortaç châtié · şimdiki châtie · ulaç châtiant
eş: punir, sanctionner, frapper, fustiger, houspiller, morigéner
köken: Inherited from Old French chastier, castier inherited from Latin castīgāre.
aile: qui aime bien châtie bien
to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct) · to ground, gate (to punish, especially a child or teenager, by forcing them to stay at home and/or give up certain privileges)
çekim: geçmiş castigué · ortaç castigado · şimdiki castiga
eş: sancionar, espolear
zıt: descastigar
köken: Inherited from Old Spanish castigar, an early borrowing from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”).
to punish, to castigate (in order to correct) · to correct, to amend · to forge (metal)
çekim: geçmiş castigàto · ortaç castigàto · şimdiki castìga · ulaç castigànte
eş: condannare, disciplinare, correggere, emendare, farla scontare, far giustizia
köken: Inherited from Latin castīgāre.
to castigate, chastise, punish
çekim: geçmiş kastijdden · ortaç gekastijd · şimdiki kastijdt · ulaç kastijdend
köken: With hypercorrect -d- from Middle Dutch castîen, from Old Dutch kestigon, from Latin castīgō. Cognate with German kasteien, English castigate.
aile: kastijding
to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)
çekim: geçmiş castiguei · ortaç castigado · şimdiki castiga
köken: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese castigar, from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, to reprimand”), possibly an early borrowing.
aile: castigo
to discipline, to bring up, to punish, to tame · to arrange, to organize (something growing wild, e.g. a plant, a garden)
çekim: geçmiş tuktade · ortaç tuktad · ulaç tuktande
köken: tukt + -a, like German züchten
🔊 1847, Carl August Hagberg, Swedish translation of William Shakespeare's works Så tuktas en argbigga
to criticize (to find fault)
çekim: geçmiş krytykowano · şimdiki krytykuje
köken: Etymology tree Polish krytyka Proto-Indo-European *h₂euh₁-der.? Proto-Slavic *-ovati Old Polish -ować Polish -ować Polish krytykować From krytyka + -ować.
to rebuke, to upbraid, to reproach
çekim: geçmiş kárala · ortaç kárala · şimdiki kárá
köken: Inherited from Old Czech kárati, from Proto-Slavic *karati.
aile: pokárat, vykárat
to criticize (to indicate faults in a disapproving way) · to repudiate (to reject the truth or validity of something)
eş: mencacat, mengecam, mengkritik, menghina
köken: From Malay mencela, from Classical Malay mencela. Equivalent to From meng- + cela.
imperfective form of нака́жа (nakáža): to say a lot of things; to punish
çekim: geçmiş none · ortaç нака́зван · şimdiki нака́зва · ulaç нака́зващ
köken: By surface analysis, нака́жа (nakáža) + -вам (-vam).
aile: наказу́ем
to punish, to correct, to chastise, to castigate
çekim: geçmiş castiguei · ortaç castigado · şimdiki castiga
zıt: premiar
köken: From Old Galician-Portuguese castigar, from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”), possibly an early borrowing.
aile: castigo
to humiliate, demean · to make humble
çekim: geçmiş kisha përulur · şimdiki të përulë
köken: From për- + ul.
aile: përulës, përulje, përultas, përulur