köken: From Middle High German būre, gebūre, from Old High German būr (“peasant”), gibūr, gibūro. All these forms ultimately descend from Proto-West Germanic *būr, itself from Proto-Germanic *būraz (“inhabitant, dweller”). Compare English boor.
pledge, guarantee · deposit, security, guaranty (guarantee that debt will be paid; property relinquished to ensure this) · forfeit (something deposited as part of a game)
çekim: çoğul gages
köken: Inherited from Middle French gage, from Old French gage, guage, from Early Medieval Latin wadius (attested in the Reichenau Glossary), from Frankish *waddī.
köken: From Middle Persian 𐭯𐭣𐭠𐭲𐭪' (pdʾtk' /payādag/), from Proto-Iranian *padātaka- / *padātika- (“on foot”), either from a compound of *pada- + *taka-, the former component from Proto-Iranian *pā́dah (“foot”), the latter from Proto-Iranian *tač- (“to walk, flow”), from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (“to run, flow”), or from *padāti- + *-kah, the former a secondary derivation from *pā́dah, the latter…
köken: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese peon, an early semi-learned borrowing from Medieval Latin pedōnem (“one who goes on foot”), from Latin pēs (“foot”). Compare Galician peón, Spanish peón, French pion, Italian pedone.
promise, pledge · rising star, emerging talent, promising talent (person) · nomination whist, oh well (card game in which one aims to winning exactly the bid number of tricks)
köken: Disputed. Often hypothesized as from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂t- (“to grant; to possess”) or *leh₁-t- (“to let, grant, provide”), when compared with Ancient Greek λάτρις (látris, “hired servant”) and Proto-Germanic *lēþą (“ownership, possession”). However, Beekes rejects an Indo-European etymology on phonetic grounds and instead posits Pre-Greek origin for the Greek; he believes Latin latrō is…