köken: Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (bʾnwk'), [Manichaean needed] (bʾnwg /bānūg/), from Old Persian *bānūka-. Akin to Old Armenian բանուկան (banukan), an Iranian borrowing.
köken: Ultimately from a South Slavic descendant of the Proto-Slavic *korľica, compare Bulgarian крали́ца (kralíca) and Serbo-Croatian кра̀љица/kràljica. Likely via Old Anatolian Turkish [Term?] or Ottoman Turkish قرالیچه (kraliçe).
köken: From Proto-Turkic *kï̄ŕ (“girl, woman”). Cognate with Old Turkic qïz ("girl, young lady, unmarried woman"), Turkish kız, Chuvash хӗр (hĕr), etc.
bump, lump or swelling on the skin · small block or ball; lump; clump; knot · knot (unpleasant tension in the body)
eş: 圈兒, 疙瘩包, 皮蛋, 十二, 十二, 圈
köken: Possibly related to 蝌蚪 (kēdǒu, “tadpole”), 櫜韜／櫜韬 (“shell of lotus nuts and gorgon nuts”), 胍𦘴 (“having a big belly”), and 骨朵 (gūduo, “bud; mace”).
a lady ((respectful way to refer to a) woman – similar tone to English in different contexts) · a woman (idiomatically, in some contexts, for example women's clothing and women's sports – often paired with herre as a respectful term for a man) · the ladies' room, the ladies' (short for damernas toalett)
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dem- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *dṓmder. Proto-Italic *domanos Proto-Italic *domanā Latin domina Late Latin domna Old French dame French damebor. Polish dama Borrowed from French dame. Doublet of domina.
köken: Inherited from Old Hindi रांणी (rāṃṇī), from Prakrit 𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀻 (rāṇī), from Sanskrit राज्ञी (rājñī), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrā́ȷ́niH, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵnih₂ (“queen”). Cognate with Assamese ৰাণী (rani), Bengali রাণী (raṇī), Odia ରାଣୀ (rāṇi), Nepali रानी (rānī), Marathi राणी (rāṇī), Gujarati રાણી (rāṇī), Punjabi ਰਾਣੀ (rāṇī), Romani rani. Distantly related to French reine.
köken: Feminine of dominus. If Oscan διομανας (diomanas, gen. sg.) is cognate, one can reconstruct Proto-Italic *domVnā with an uncertain second vowel; see its entry for discussion.
köken: From Malay ratu, from Old Javanese ratu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu. Doublet of datu and datuk. * Semantic loan from Javanese ratu (ꦫꦠꦸ). * For sense of the most powerful piece in chess, semantic loan from Dutch koningin. * For sense of powerful or forceful female, semantic loan from English queen.
aile: ratu adil, ratu alit, ratu anggabaya, ratu barat, ratu buah, ratu drama, ratu kilen, ratu timur, ratu wetan