u-
SVAHILI → TR
Svahili "u-" kelimesi Türkçe'de -ite, -lik, -lık, -luk, -lük anlamına gelir.
Çeviri
Genel-ite
Genel-lik
Genel-lık
Genel-luk
Genel-lük
Geneldevlet
Genelel
Geneleyalet
Genelil
Genelkırsal
Genelmemleket
Genelülke
Tanım
•[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] noun prefix, denoting natural objects, extensions, abstract qualities, or collections of small things.
Diğer Dillerde
Converts concrete nouns into abstract nouns
köken: From Middle High German -heit, from Old High German -heit, from Proto-West Germanic *-haidu, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *haiduz (“personality, character, manner, way”). Cognate with Dutch -heid, English -hood, Danish -hed.
schön (“beautiful”) + -heit → Schönheit (“beauty”)
neu (“new”) + -heit → Neuheit (“novelty”)
Kind (“child”) + -heit → Kindheit (“childhood”)
Fransızca-esse, -ité, -té, campagnard, contrée, de la campagne (dişil) /ɛs/
used to form nouns describing the condition of being something (-ness, -ity, etc.)
köken: Inherited from Old French -ece, from Latin -itia. The modern spelling is due to a phonetic merger with etymology 2; see below. Related to -ise.
forms nouns representing the property corresponding to an adjective; -ity
köken: Inherited from Old Spanish -dat, from Latin -tātem, from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts.
added to adjectives to form abstract nouns; -ity; -ness
köken: Inherited from Latin -itia, whence also Italian -izia, a borrowed doublet. Cognate with Sicilian -izza.
alto (“high, tall”) + -ezza → altezza (“height”)
stanco (“tired”) + -ezza → stanchezza (“tiredness”)
Suffix forming abstract nouns from adjectives. A less productive alternative to -ость (-ostʹ), except after щ, where it is the regular suffix. · Suffix forming nouns with the meaning of a group of things characterized by the quality designated by the adjectives from which the nouns are formed. · Suffix forming nouns of various sorts from miscellaneous parts of speech.
köken: Probably originated from the suffix -ость (-ostʹ) added to words ending in -ный (-nyj), and was then extracted by rebracketing as a productive suffix. The same thing happened with e.g. -тельный (-telʹnyj) and English -ness.
гото́вый (gotóvyj, “ready”) → гото́вность (gotóvnostʹ, “readiness”) (no such word *гото́вный exists, making it a special case.)
о́бщий (óbščij, “general, common”) → о́бщность (óbščnostʹ, “generality, community”) (no such word *о́бщный exists)
живо́й (živój, “living”) → жи́вность (žívnostʹ, “small creatures collectively”)
Farsçaحاشیه نشین, دِیار, روستایی, سَرْزَمین, کِشْوَر, میهَن
rural, country, pastoral, rustic
çekim: çoğul روستاییان
Azerice-lik, dövlət, el, məmləkət, ölkə /liç/
used to derive abstract nouns from adjectives; -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom, -ity · used to derive abstract nouns from nouns; -ship · used to derive nouns denoting work/jobs from nouns denoting professions
köken: From Proto-Turkic *-lik. Cognate with Turkish -lik (“-ness”).
gözəl (“beautiful”) + -lik → gözəllik (“beauty”)
ölməz (“immortal”) + -lik → ölməzlik (“immortality”)
boş (“empty”) + -lik → boşluq (“emptiness”)
Kazakçaел, мемлекет /el/
people, mass · population · nation, country
çekim: çoğul елдер · tamlayan елдің
köken: Inherited from Kipchak [Term?], from Proto-Common Turkic *ēl, from Proto-Turkic *ēl. Cognate with Turkish el and il, etc.
дамыған елдер
дамушы елдер
неғұрлым аз дамыған елдер
Özbekçediyor, kishvar, mamlakat, oʻlka
country
çekim: çoğul mamlakatlar · tamlayan mamlakatning
köken: Borrowed from Arabic مَمْلَكَة (mamlaka).
Tatarcaдәүләт, ил
wealth, riches. · state.
köken: From Classical Persian دَوْلَت (dawlat), from Arabic دَوْلَةٌ f (dawlatun).
state
çekim: çoğul döwletler · tamlayan döwletiň
köken: Borrowed from Classical Persian دَوْلَت (dawlat), from Arabic دَوْلَة (dawla).
state, country
çekim: çoğul мамлекеттер · tamlayan мамлекеттин
köken: Borrowed from Classical Persian مَمْلَکَت (mamlakat, “state”), from Arabic مَمْلَكَة f (mamlaka, “kingdom”). Compare Kazakh мемлекет (memleket, “state”).
Uygurcaئەل, دۆلەت, مەملىكەت /ʔɛl/
country · people, nation, population · tribe
çekim: çoğul ئەللەر
köken: From Old Turkic 𐰠 (él, “a union of tribes”), from Proto-Turkic *ēl (“peace; country, people”). Compare Turkish el, Yakut ил (il, “peace”).
ئەلنىڭ قۇلىقى ئەللىك
Appended to a noun or adjective to form a new noun or adjective denoting a property or state of being. · Appended to a noun or adjective to form a new noun denoting a group or compendium of things. · Appended to a noun or adjective to form a new noun with a broader, generalized meaning.
köken: Cognate with Turkish -lik
тиҙ (tiź, “fast”) → тиҙлек (tiźlek, “speed, velocity”)
мәңге (məñge, “eternal”) → мәңгелек (məñgelek, “eternity”)
ғүмер (ğümer, “lifetime”) → ғүмерлек (ğümerlek, “life-long”)
Çuvaşçaҫӗршыв
country · land
çekim: çoğul ҫӗршывсем
köken: Normalized form of the compound ҫӗр (śĕr, “ground, country, the Earth”) + шыв (šyv, “water, river”). From Proto-Turkic *yẹr (“ground, the Earth”) and *sub (“water”) respectively. Compare similar compoundizations in other Turkic languages; Old Uyghur 𐽶𐽶𐽾𐽻𐽳𐽱 (Yersïv, “God”) Kyrgyz жер–суу (jer–suu, “the Earth”), Kazakh жер–су (jer–su), Uzbek er-su et cetera.
-ness, -ity, -hood; forms nouns from adjectives, denoting the abstract quality of the adjective.
köken: From Middle Dutch -heit, from Old Dutch -heit, from Proto-West Germanic *-haidu, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz. Cognate with German -heit, English -hood.
alternative form of -idade
eş: -idade, -eidade
köken: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -dade, from Latin -tātem, from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts.
Yunanca-ότητα, αγροτικός, εξοχικός, επαρχιώτικος, χώρα (dişil) /ˈotita/
Added to an adjective or rarely, another noun, to create an abstract noun; -ity, -ty, -ness, -cy, -ion
köken: * From Ancient Greek -τητᾰ (-tētă), the accusative form of -της (-tēs). * In post-Classical and Modern Greek, inherited formations in -της (-tēs) were reanalyzed as containing a productive abstract-noun suffix -ότητα (-ótēta); e.g. ἰδιότης (idiótēs) → ἰδιότητα (idiótita).
aile: -της
αυστηρός (afstirós, “strict”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → αυστηρότητα (afstirótita, “strictness”)
βέβαιος (vévaios, “sure, certain”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → βεβαιότητα (vevaiótita, “certainty”)
εθνικός (ethnikós, “national”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → εθνικότητα (ethnikótita, “nationality”)
nation; state
aile: 国家学, 国家管理, 国家機関, 国家経済, 国家警察, 国家契約説, 国家権力, 国家公務員, 国家財政, 国家試験
此時ヨリノ天皇ハ純然タル政治的中心ノ意義ヲ有シ、此ノ國民運動ノ指揮者タリシ以來現代民主國ノ總代表トシテ國家ヲ代表スル者ナリ。
Çinceгоцзя, дичү, 國家 /国家, 地區 /地区
political state, nation, country, polity
köken: Sino-Korean word from 國家, from 國 (“country”) + 家 (“house”)
국가가 끝나면 청중들을 착석하게 하고서는 첫번째 연설자를 소개해 주세요.
-hood, -ledge, -ness, -dom; making a noun (representing a state) from an adjective or noun
köken: From Old Norse -dómr.
rik (“rich”) + -dom → rikedom (“wealth, fortune”)
ung (“young”) + -dom → ungdom (“youth”)
barn (“child”) + -dom → barndom (“childhood”)
-hood, -ness, -ity (suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, quality or state).
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-Hostis Proto-Balto-Slavic *-astis Proto-Slavic *-ostь Old East Slavic -ость (-ostĭ) Old Ruthenian -ость (-ostʹ) Ukrainian -ість Inherited from Old Ruthenian -ость (-ostʹ), from Old East Slavic -ость (-ostĭ), from Proto-Slavic *-ostь.
aile: відважність, спритність
suffix forming feminine equivalents from masculine nouns · suffix forming diminutive nouns from masculine nouns
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-Iranian *i- Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Indo-Iranian *-kas Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ikas Sanskrit -इक (-ika) Sanskrit -इका (-ikā) Prakrit -इया (-iyā) ▲ Sanskrit -ई (-ī)influ. Hindi -ई Inherited from Old Hindi -ई (-ī), from Prakrit -इया (-iyā), -ई (-ī), from Sanskrit -इका (-ikā), -ई (-ī) and also influenced by Sanskrit -ई (-ī). Doublet of -इका (-ikā). See -इयाँ (-iyā̃),…
लड़का (laṛkā, “boy”) + -ई (-ī) → लड़की (laṛkī, “girl”)
कटोरा (kaṭorā, “bowl”) + -ई (-ī) → कटोरी (kaṭorī, “little bowl, cup”)
-ity
köken: Ultimately from Latin -itās (probably from the genitive -itātis or accusative -itātem); compare Swedish -itet, German -ität
Etimoloji
Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *lu- and *wu-. Due to sound change, Swahili merged the Bantu classes XI (from Proto-Bantu *dʊ̀-) and XIV (from Proto-Bantu *bʊ̀-) into one u class_((XI)), with adjective agreement identical to that of m class_((III)). The same merger happened in the Comorian languages, such as with Ngazidja Comorian u-. Due to this merger, many original class-XI nouns were removed from…