köken: Inherited from Old East Slavic родъ (rodŭ), from Proto-Slavic *rodъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *radás. Maybe from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”), whence English root. Cognates include Latvian rads, Ukrainian рід (rid) and Polish ród amongst others.
köken: From Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾšnwʾk' /āšnāg/, “known”), ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). Note also Old Persian [script needed] (ašnaiy, “near”). Possibly akin to Old Armenian Աշնակ (Ašnak, a male given name). Related to شناختن (šenâxtan, “to know, to be acquainted with”).
çekim: karşılaştırma mer bekant · üstünlük mest bekant
köken: Borrowed from German bekannt (“known, acquainted”), from Middle High German bekant, past participle of bekennen (“to know; to make known”). The verb also developed the sense “to confess” in German, which was separately loaned into Swedish as bekänna. Here the Swedish past participle is bekänd (“confessed”).
familiar (demon supposedly attending and obeying a witch, often said to assume the form of an animal) · hide and seek (game where the players have to hide and one has to seek them out)
a household (all persons subject to the control of one man (whether relations, freedmen or slaves)) · the slaves of a household, servants · a group of slaves stationed in one place; a brigade, gang (used for some purpose)
çekim: çoğul familiae · tamlayan familiae
köken: From Proto-Italic *fameliā (“of the house → household”), from earlier *θameliā. In view of the semantic shift illustrated in the cognates, famulus (“servant, slave”) (with Oscan 𐌚𐌀𐌌𐌄𐌋 (famel, “servile”)) is probably a backformation from it and not the other way around. From Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁-m-eló-m (“fundament”), from *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Cognate with Sanskrit धामन् (dhāman,…
aile: familiāris, familiāriter, familiola, pater familias
Hae familiae Nōē iū̆xtā populōs et nātiōnēs suās. Ab hīs dīvīsae sunt gentēs in Terrā post dīluvium.