to ruin, spoil, mar, wreck, waste · to mess up, botch, bungle
çekim: geçmiş gâché · ortaç gâché · şimdiki gâche · ulaç gâchant
eş: corroyer
köken: Inherited from Middle French gascher (“to waste, ruin; row (with oars)”), from Old French gaschier, gacher, gasser (“to soil, spoil, waste”) and Old French gaschier, guaschier, waschier (“to wash, soak”), both from Old Dutch *wascon, *wascan (“to wash, bathe”), from Frankish *waskan (“to wash”), from Proto-Germanic *waskaną (“to wash”), from Proto-Indo-European *wod- (“wet”). Compare related…
to break; to ruin (to make something unusable) · to spoil; to ruin (to impair function of one's body or its parts, or e.g. one's health) · to spoil; to ruin (to cause something to change for the worse or less favorable)
çekim: geçmiş psuto · şimdiki psuje
eş: uszkadzać, niszczyć, rujnować
zıt: naprawiać
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Slavic *pь̀sъ Old Polish pies Proto-Indo-European *-tisder. Proto-Balto-Slavic *-tei Proto-Slavic *-ti Old Polish -ć Old Polish psuć Polish psuć Inherited from Old Polish psuć. By surface analysis, pies (“dog”) + -ć. For the semantic development, compare English spoil.
to spoil, ruin, blight, destroy (to cause the ruin of) · to damage, mar (to make something less intact or even destroy it; to harm or cause destruction) · to foil, scupper, thwart (to prevent something from being accomplished)
çekim: geçmiş pilannut · şimdiki pilaa · ulaç pilaava
köken: From Proto-Finnic *pilat'ak (compare Karelian pilata, Votic pilatõ), possibly borrowed from Proto-Norse [Term?] (compare Old Norse bila (“to fail”)).
to destroy (to demolish, ruin, or tear down (buildings, constructions)) · to damage (to harm or cause partial/complete destruction of something made or placed) · to spoil (to impair appearance, structure, or form; to worsen)
çekim: geçmiş none · ortaç разва́лян · şimdiki разва́ля · ulaç разва́лящ
köken: By surface analysis, раз- (raz-) + ва́лям (váljam, “to knock down, to fall down”).
to destroy; to ruin; to shatter; to break apart · to undergo destruction or ruination; to collapse; to shatter; to fall apart
köken: Borrowed from Khmer ទំលាយ (tumliəy), an infixed form of Old Khmer dlāy (“to be shattered; to be ruined; etc”), whence Thai ทลาย (tá-laai). Cognate with Lao ທຳລາຍ (tham lāi).
çekim: geçmiş espatllí · ortaç espatllat · şimdiki espatlla
köken: Classically, experts relate it to espatlla ("shoulder"), with unclear shift in meaning. New theories postulate that it may be a phonetic variant of espanyar ("spoil", "break"), with the same meaning.
to wound, hurt, injure, impair · to destroy, damage, deface, mar, mutilate · to spoil (ruin; pamper)
çekim: geçmiş loite · ortaç loite · şimdiki loiteann sé
köken: From Old Irish loittid, from Proto-Celtic *lotteti, from Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁- (“to cut off, separate, free”), see also Latin luō (“expiate, pay”), Sanskrit लून (lūna, “sever, cut forth, destroy, annihilate”), English loose, Old Armenian լուծանեմ (lucanem) and Albanian lirë. Stokes prefers a comparison with Proto-Germanic *lutōną (“to conceal, hide”), *lūtaną (“to bow down”).