at (approximately) the same moment, when, while, as · than · To the same degree that, as (distinguished from the aforementioned use in that comparison was between equals)
eş: wie, während
köken: From Middle High German alles, from Old High German also, alsō (“as, like”); equivalent to all + so. Compare English as.
köken: From Old French alcun, from Vulgar Latin *alicunus, from Latin aliquī + unus. Cognate with Italian alcuno, Spanish alguno, Galician algún, Portuguese algum.
not, no, -n't, without · Idiomatic negative usage · perhaps not, whether ... or not
köken: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *né. Cognates include Lithuanian ne, Old English ne, German nicht, nie, Gothic 𐌽𐌹 (ni), Irish ní, Latin ne, Sanskrit न (ná).
köken: From the third-person singular possessive form of qeyr (“another”), from Arabic غَيْر (ḡayr). Compare Turkish gayri (Ottoman Turkish غیری (gayri)), Turkmen gaýry, Uzbek gʻayri.
yes (in response to negative questions), disagree · Response to words of gratitude.
eş: ううん
zıt: はい, うん
köken: /ina/ → /ija/ → /ije/ → /iːe/ First cited to the late 1600s. Shift from いや (iya), from even earlier 否 (ina). While いや (iya) was broadly used in the Muromachi period, in the Edo period, いや (iya) shifted to use mainly in informal or more intimate contexts, while いいえ (īe) was used in more formal or polite contexts. いや (iya) is still in use, including broader senses not included for いいえ (īe).
than (used in comparisons, to introduce the basis of comparison) · synonym of zanim (“before”)
köken: Etymology tree Polish a Proto-Indo-European *ney Proto-Balto-Slavic *nei Proto-Slavic *ni Polish ni Proto-Indo-European *ís Proto-Balto-Slavic *is Proto-Slavic *jь Proto-Indo-European *gʰe Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge Proto-Slavic *že Proto-Slavic *jь že Old Polish że Polish że Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der. Proto-Balto-Slavic *lei Proto-Slavic *li Old Polish li Polish li univ. Polish aniżeli…
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Balto-Slavic *ne Proto-Slavic *ne Old Czech ne Czech ne Inherited from Old Czech ne, from Proto-Slavic *ne.
From Middle Welsh nac, from Proto-Brythonic *nag, from Proto-Celtic *nekʷe, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *né (negative particle) + *-kʷe (“and”). Cognate with Old Irish nach and Latin neque.