köken: From Middle High German distel, from Old High German distil, from Proto-West Germanic *þistil, from Proto-Germanic *þistilaz, which see for cognates. The alternative long-vowel pronunciation is based on Middle Low German dîstel (alongside distel), whose length is unexplained (cf. the same in Middle Dutch diestel, Early Modern Dutch dijstel).
köken: From late Latin cardō, cardōnis (“thistle”) (unrelated to Classical Latin cardō, cardinis (“a hinge”)), derived from Latin carduus. Doublet of cardon.
köken: Probably an ancient Aramaic borrowing, given that widespread Northeastern Neo-Aramaic ܩܰܠܩܳܐ (qalqa, “cardoon”) has another widespread variant ܩܰܩܢܳܐ (qaqna). For ܩ (q) giving ک (k) see کما (komâ, “Ferula”), for the ر (r) شنار (šenâr, “swimming; horehound”) in place of شنا (šenâ), though trailing extension of a root by ر (r) within Semitic is also very often observed, so either way a match is…
a thorn; a spine; a quill (rigid, pointed surface protuberance or needle-like structure on a plant, animal, or shell) · a tag (electronic labeling or identification device) · a tag (data label)
köken: Cognate with Latvian usna (“thistle”) and probably with dialectal Proto-Slavic *ušь (“carduoid”) (whence Old East Slavic оушь (ušĭ)), for Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?] (“thistle”). Further origin uncertain. Possibly derived from the oblique ablaut-grade of Proto-Indo-European *wósHr̥ ~ *usHén-, whence Sanskrit उष्ण (uṣṇa, “onion”), Latin ūniō (“onion”).
thorn, prickle · spine (a strong and sharp thorn-like covering, bone or similar formation) · spike, barb
çekim: çoğul ogad · tamlayan ogade
köken: From Proto-Finnic *oka, possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic. Cognates include Finnish oas, oka (dialectal), Votic õgaz, Ingrian oas, Livvi ovas, Ludian ogas and Veps ogah.