thorn; spine; prickle · an aperitif made from blackthorn berries
çekim: çoğul épines
köken: Inherited from Middle French espine, from Old French espine, from Latin spīna, from Proto-Italic *speinā, from Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“sharp point”).
aile: enlever une épine du pied, épine au pied, épine dorsale, ôter une épine du pied, retirer une épine du pied, tirer une épine du pied
stimulus (anything that induces a person to take action) · stimulus (something external that elicits or influences a physiological or psychological activity or response) · stimulus (anything effectively impinging upon any of the sensory apparatuses of a living organism)
çekim: çoğul estímulos
köken: Borrowed from Latin stimulus (“goad; incentive”).
stimulus (anything that may have an impact or influence on a system) · incentive · goad, spur
çekim: çoğul bodźce · tamlayan bodźca
eş: impuls
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Slavic *bodьcь Polish bodziec Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bodьcь. First attested in the 16th century. By surface analysis, bóść + -iec.
stimulus (something external that elicits or influences a physiological or psychological activity or response) · stimulus (anything that may have an impact or influence on a system) · irritant (substance that causes irritation)
köken: Back-formation from ingerel by splitting the verb suffix -el. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.
köken: Possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *(s)tey- (“sharp object”) that might also be found in stilus, stīva. This could be an unextended variant of the same root found in *(s)teyg- (“to pierce, prick, be sharp”), the source of Ancient Greek στίζω (stízō, “to mark”), although De Vaan is skeptical of the connection.
köken: From Proto-Vietic *t-keː. Cognate with Arem takeː ("horn"), Proto-Bahnaric *ʔəkɛː (whence Bahnar ake/hơke) and Proto-Katuic *kii, *ʔakii (whence Pacoh ki (“horn on nose, single tusk of rhino”)).
thorn, prickle · spine (a strong and sharp thorn-like covering, bone or similar formation) · spike, barb
çekim: çoğul ogad · tamlayan ogade
köken: From Proto-Finnic *oka, possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic. Cognates include Finnish oas, oka (dialectal), Votic õgaz, Ingrian oas, Livvi ovas, Ludian ogas and Veps ogah.
köken: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese espinha (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin spīna (“thorn”), from spinus (“thorn bush”). Cognate with Portuguese espinha and Spanish espina.
köken: From Proto-Albanian *spernā, from Proto-Indo-European *sper (“spear, stick”), close to Latin sparus (“short spear”), Proto-Germanic *speru (whence Old Norse spjǫr).