çekim: geçmiş râpé · ortaç râpé · şimdiki râpe · ulaç râpant
eş: élimer, user
köken: Inherited from Middle French râper, rasper, from Old French rasper, from Early Medieval Latin raspāre (“to scrape; rake”), from Frankish *hraspōn, from Proto-Germanic *hraspōną, a derivative of Proto-Germanic *hrespaną (“to tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krebʰ- (“to turn; bend; shrink”). Romance cognates include Occitan, Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese raspar and Italian raspare. Related…
köken: Cognate with Central Kurdish ژەنگ (jeng), Northern Kurdish jeng, Baluchi زنگ (zang), and with Iranian borrowings in Old Armenian ժանգ (žang), and Caucasian languages such as Georgian ჟანგი (žangi), ჯანგი (ǯangi). Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *geng- (“lump”) and cognate with Ancient Greek γόγγρος (góngros, “tubercular disease in olive-trees”). For the sense development compare the…
köken: Inherited from Old Swedish halster, perhaps ultimately related to hålla (“to hold”), the tool originally meaning something like "the holder." Cognate of Saterland Frisian halster (“bread baked on a grill”).
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kreh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-tis Latin crātislbor. Polish krata Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin crata, grata, from Latin crātis.
From Middle High German rost, from Old High German rost, from Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rudʰso- (“red”), from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).