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-ство

/stvɔ/

MAKEDONCA → TR

Makedonca "-ство" kelimesi Türkçe'de -lik, -lık, -luk, -lük anlamına gelir.

Çeviri

Genel-lik

Genel-lık

Genel-luk

Genel-lük

Tanım

•suffix appended to nouns and adjectives to create a neuter noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, quality or state: -hood, -ness, -ship, -ity, -dom

Diğer Dillerde

Almanca-heit , -keit , -nis , -schaft (dişil) /-haɪ̯t/

Converts concrete nouns into abstract nouns

köken: From Middle High German -heit, from Old High German -heit, from Proto-West Germanic *-haidu, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *haiduz (“personality, character, manner, way”). Cognate with Dutch -heid, English -hood, Danish -hed.

schön (“beautiful”) + -heit → Schönheit (“beauty”)

neu (“new”) + -heit → Neuheit (“novelty”)

Kind (“child”) + -heit → Kindheit (“childhood”)

Fransızca-esse , -eur , -ité (dişil) /ɛs/

used to form nouns describing the condition of being something (-ness, -ity, etc.)

köken: Inherited from Old French -ece, from Latin -itia. The modern spelling is due to a phonetic merger with etymology 2; see below. Related to -ise.

İspanyolca-azgo , -dad , -edad , -idad (eril) /ˈaθɡo/

forms the office of the base word · forms the effect or condition of the base word

köken: From earlier -adgo, from Old Spanish -adgo, from Latin -āticus. Doublet of -aje.

almirante (“admiral”) + -azgo → almirantazgo (“admiralship”)

hallar (“to find”) + -azgo → hallazgo (“discovery”)

harto (“full”) + -azgo → hartazgo (“surfeit”)

İtalyanca-enza , -ezza , -ità (dişil) /ˈɛn.t͡sa/

added to verbs to form abstract nouns; -ency; -ence; -ance

köken: From Latin -ĕntia. Compare French -ence, Portuguese -ença, -ência, Romanian -ință, -ență, Spanish -enza, -encia.

accogliere (“to welcome”) + -enza → accoglienza (“hospitality”)

obbedire (“to obey”) + -enza → obbedienza (“obedience”)

tendere (“to tend”) + -enza → tendenza (“tendency”)

Rusça-ность , -ость , -ство , -щи́на

Suffix forming abstract nouns from adjectives. A less productive alternative to -ость (-ostʹ), except after щ, where it is the regular suffix. · Suffix forming nouns with the meaning of a group of things characterized by the quality designated by the adjectives from which the nouns are formed. · Suffix forming nouns of various sorts from miscellaneous parts of speech.

köken: Probably originated from the suffix -ость (-ostʹ) added to words ending in -ный (-nyj), and was then extracted by rebracketing as a productive suffix. The same thing happened with e.g. -тельный (-telʹnyj) and English -ness.

гото́вый (gotóvyj, “ready”) → гото́вность (gotóvnostʹ, “readiness”) (no such word *гото́вный exists, making it a special case.)

о́бщий (óbščij, “general, common”) → о́бщность (óbščnostʹ, “generality, community”) (no such word *о́бщный exists)

живо́й (živój, “living”) → жи́вность (žívnostʹ, “small creatures collectively”)

Arapçaـِيَّة

Farsça-ی

Azerice-lik /liç/

used to derive abstract nouns from adjectives; -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom, -ity · used to derive abstract nouns from nouns; -ship · used to derive nouns denoting work/jobs from nouns denoting professions

köken: From Proto-Turkic *-lik. Cognate with Turkish -lik (“-ness”).

gözəl (“beautiful”) + -lik → gözəllik (“beauty”)

ölməz (“immortal”) + -lik → ölməzlik (“immortality”)

boş (“empty”) + -lik → boşluq (“emptiness”)

Felemenkçe-heid , -nis , -schap /ɦɛi̯t/

-ness, -ity, -hood; forms nouns from adjectives, denoting the abstract quality of the adjective.

köken: From Middle Dutch -heit, from Old Dutch -heit, from Proto-West Germanic *-haidu, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz. Cognate with German -heit, English -hood.

Portekizce-ez , -eza , -idade , -idão (dişil) /ˈe(j)s/

-ness (appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning "the state of ...", "the quality of ...", or "the measure of ...")

köken: Likely borrowed from Spanish -ez, from Latin -itiem. Doublet of -ice.

Yunanca-ότητα (dişil) /ˈotita/

Added to an adjective or rarely, another noun, to create an abstract noun; -ity, -ty, -ness, -cy, -ion

köken: * From Ancient Greek -τητᾰ (-tētă), the accusative form of -της (-tēs). * In post-Classical and Modern Greek, inherited formations in -της (-tēs) were reanalyzed as containing a productive abstract-noun suffix -ότητα (-ótēta); e.g. ἰδιότης (idiótēs) → ἰδιότητα (idiótita).

aile: -της

αυστηρός (afstirós, “strict”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → αυστηρότητα (afstirótita, “strictness”)

βέβαιος (vévaios, “sure, certain”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → βεβαιότητα (vevaiótita, “certainty”)

εθνικός (ethnikós, “national”) + -ότητα (-ótita) → εθνικότητα (ethnikótita, “nationality”)

Japonca-さ , -性

İsveççe-dom , -het , -skap

-hood, -ledge, -ness, -dom; making a noun (representing a state) from an adjective or noun

köken: From Old Norse -dómr.

rik (“rich”) + -dom → rikedom (“wealth, fortune”)

ung (“young”) + -dom → ungdom (“youth”)

barn (“child”) + -dom → barndom (“childhood”)

Lehçe-ctwo , -ość , -stwo /t͡stfɔ/

alternative form of -stwo

Ukraynaca-ість , -ство / isʲtʲ/

-hood, -ness, -ity (suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, quality or state).

köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-Hostis Proto-Balto-Slavic *-astis Proto-Slavic *-ostь Old East Slavic -ость (-ostĭ) Old Ruthenian -ость (-ostʹ) Ukrainian -ість Inherited from Old Ruthenian -ость (-ostʹ), from Old East Slavic -ость (-ostĭ), from Proto-Slavic *-ostь.

aile: відважність, спритність

Hintçe-ई /iː/

suffix forming feminine equivalents from masculine nouns · suffix forming diminutive nouns from masculine nouns

köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-Iranian *i- Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Indo-Iranian *-kas Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ikas Sanskrit -इक (-ika) Sanskrit -इका (-ikā) Prakrit -इया (-iyā) ▲ Sanskrit -ई (-ī)influ. Hindi -ई Inherited from Old Hindi -ई (-ī), from Prakrit -इया (-iyā), -ई (-ī), from Sanskrit -इका (-ikā), -ई (-ī) and also influenced by Sanskrit -ई (-ī). Doublet of -इका (-ikā). See -इयाँ (-iyā̃),…

लड़का (laṛkā, “boy”) + -ई (-ī) → लड़की (laṛkī, “girl”)

कटोरा (kaṭorā, “bowl”) + -ई (-ī) → कटोरी (kaṭorī, “little bowl, cup”)

Fince-sto , -us , -uus , -ys , -yys

Forms collective nouns from nouns indicating individual things.

köken: From earlier *-s-ta-i, from -s + -ta (akin to -ea << *-e-ta, like in -usta) + -i, all noun-forming suffixes.

kirja (“book”) + -sto → kirjasto (“library”)

laiva (“ship”) + -sto → laivasto (“fleet”)

puu (“tree”) + -sto → puisto (“park”)

Çekçe-ost , -ství (dişil) / ost/

-ness: from adjectives, forms nouns indicating a property

köken: Inherited from Old Czech -ost, from Proto-Slavic *-ostь; compare Old Church Slavonic -ость (-ostĭ).

Rumence-ătate , -eață , -ețe , -ie , -itate , -tate (dişil) /əˈta.te/

alternative form of -tate (“-ity”)

köken: Inherited from Latin -itātem, accusative of -itās. Doublet of -itate.

Macarca-kor , -ság , -ség /kor/

at, at the time of

aile: akármikor, akkor, amakkor, amikor, bármikor, egyébkor, egykor1, némelykor, ekkor, ilyenkor

az (“that”) + -kor → akkor (“then”)

karácsony (“Christmas”) + -kor → karácsonykor (“at Christmas”)

leszállás (“alighting”) + -kor → leszálláskor (“on alighting”)

İbranice־וּת

Latince-tās

Danca-hed , -skab

Used to form abstract nouns from adjectives; function is similar to -ty and -ness.

köken: From Old Danish -het, from Middle Low German -heit, from Old Saxon -hēd. Cognate with Norwegian -het, Swedish -het, German -heit, Dutch -heid and English -hood.

venlig - venlighed (friendly - friendliness)

Norveççe-het , -skap

Endonezceke- -an /kə an/

-ness; appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning "the state of (the adjective)", "the quality of (the adjective)", or "the measure of (the adjective)" · -ship; appended to a noun to form a new noun denoting a property or state of being, time spent in a role, or a specialised union. · -dom; Forming nouns denoting the domain or jurisdiction of the suffixed word.

köken: Inherited from Malay ke- -an, from Proto-Malayic *kə- -an, from Proto-Austronesian *ka- -an. Semantic loan from Javanese ꦏ- -ꦲꦤ꧀ (ka- -han) for sense of too [base] or exceed.

kebaratan

ketimuran

kebesaran

Vietnamcamối , niềm , nỗi , sự , thời , tuổi /moj˧˦/

termite

köken: From Proto-Vietic *k-moːlʔ ~ *k-muːrʔ ~ *k-moːrʔ. Cognate with Proto-Katuic *kmuar (whence Pacoh camoar (“termite”)), Semai kemur (“caterpillar, maggot”), Khmer ខ្មើរ (khmaə, “flying ant”), ខ្មុល (khmol, “mole cricket”).

aile: cá mối, mối rách, rắn mối

Bulgarca-ство

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, craft, quality or a state; equivalent to English -hood, -ness or -craft.

köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-tusder. Proto-Slavic *-ьstvo Old Church Slavonic -ьство (-ĭstvo) Bulgarian -ство Inherited from Old Church Slavonic -ьство (-ĭstvo), from Proto-Slavic *-ьstvo.

Slovakça-osť , -stvo /ɔsc/

a suffix, akin to -ness

köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-Hostis Proto-Balto-Slavic *-astis Proto-Slavic *-ostь Slovak -osť Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ostь.

Etimoloji

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьstvo.

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