köken: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mirъ (“peace; world”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *meiˀrás (“peace”), from Proto-Indo-European *mey(H)-ró-s. The dual meaning of "peace" and "world" is unique to Slavic. The pre-1918 orthography had an orthographical distinction of the two identically pronounced words to avoid confusion.
world · universe, cosmos, existence · world, hereunder, worldly life
çekim: çoğul عَالَمُون · tamlayan عَالَمٍ
köken: Borrowed from Aramaic עָלְמָא / ܥܳܠܡܳܐ (ʿāləmā) or Hebrew עוֹלָם (ʿōlām), possibly from Akkadian 𒂖𒆷𒈬𒌋𒀀 (/ellamu, illamu/, “front, before; both temporally and in location; coming before your time or being currently physically before you now”). The pattern فَاعَل (fāʕal) The pattern فَاعَل (fāʕal) is considered originally foreign to Arabic and Ethiopic, occurring only in likely loanwords such as…
köken: Inherited from Chagatai دنیا (dunyā /dunyâ/), from Classical Persian دُنْیَا (dunyā), from Arabic دُنْيَا f (dunyā). Cognate with Uyghur دۇنيا (dunya).
world · realm governed by a Buddha · space, universe
eş: 世, 區宇, 区宇, 四國, 四国, 四海
köken: Coined by Buddhist translators (c. 3rd century) to translate Sanskrit लोकधातु (lokadhātu, “world”). In its original Buddhist sense, the word encompassed a range of spatial meanings from a 小世界 (xiǎo shìjiè, “minor world”) with a single sun and moon to the billion-world 三千大千世界 (sānqiān-dàqiān-shìjiè, “trichiliocosm”). Its modern sense dates from Japanese 世(せ)界(かい) (sekai) re-adaptation of the word…
cosmos, universe (the Universe) · outer space (the region of space immediately beyond Earth's atmosphere) · cosmos (whole world, in the sense of perspective or social setting)