köken: From Middle High German gemeinde, from Old High German gemeinida, probably from Proto-Germanic (though the exact formations vary among and within the later languages), from *gamainiz (“shared, communal”) or *gamainijaną (“to share”) + *-iþō; specifically as gemein (“common”) + -de. Compare Old High German gimeinî, Hunsrik Gemeind, Luxembourgish Gemeng, Dutch gemeente, Old Saxon gimēntha…
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-der. Proto-Italic *keiwis Latin ceivis Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ts Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts Proto-Italic *-tāts Latin -tās Latin ceivitās Latin cīvitātem Old Spanish cibdat Spanish ciudad Inherited from Old Spanish cibdat, from Latin cīvitātem. Compare Ladino sivdad, English city.
aile: ciudad deportiva, ciudad dormitorio, ciudad estado, Ciudad Eva Perón, Ciudad Evita, ciudad fantasma, ciudad federal, ciudad hermana, ciudad inteligente, ciudad morena
hail · deluge, hail, shower (overwhelming flow or barrage of something)
çekim: tamlayan гра́да
eş: поток, наплыв, лавина
köken: From Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gradъ. Cognate with Lithuanian gruodas (Proto-Balto-Slavic *grōda-), Latin grandō, Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut), Sanskrit ह्रादुनि (hrādúni, “hail”) and possibly with English grind.
köken: Inherited from Chagatai شهر (šhr), from Classical Persian شهر (šahr), from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭲𐭥𐭩 (štry /šahr/), from Proto-Iranian *xšaθram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám. Cognate with Uyghur شەھەر / sheher / шәһәр.
köken: From Arabic قَلْعَة (qalʕa, “fort, fortress”). Cognate with Bashkir ҡала (qala), Kazakh қала (qala), Kyrgyz калаa (kalaa, “city, town”), Turkish kale (“fortress”) etc.
köken: From Persian شهر (šahr). Cognates include Kazakh шаһар (şahar), Uzbek shahar, Turkmen şäher, Azerbaijani şəhər, Karachay-Balkar шахар (şaxar), Kumyk шагьар (şahar), Turkish şehir, Uyghur شەھەر (sheher).
aile: шаардык, шаарча, шаардаштыруу
Алты шаарда 1-класска электрондук каттоо системасы менен кабыл алуу башталды.
köken: From Arabic قَلْعَة (qalʕa, “fort, fortress”). Cognate with Tatar кала (qala), Kazakh қала (qala), Kyrgyz калаa (kalaa, “city, town”), Turkish kale (“fortress”) etc.
community (a group sharing common characteristics, such as the same language, law, religion, or tradition) · community, commune (administrative division)
çekim: çoğul κοινότητες · tamlayan κοινότητας
köken: Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek κοινότης (koinótēs) (accusative κοινότητᾰ (koinótētă)), with semantic loan from French communauté and commune. By surface analysis, κοινός (koinós) + -ότητα (-ótita).
village, hamlet, usually in rural surroundings · the office of a local magistrate
eş: 촌락, 촌, 동네, 동리
köken: First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄆᆞᅀᆞᆶ (Yale: mòzòlh). The Middle Korean /-h/ may be the remnant of an ancient place-related suffix; see Appendix:Middle Korean h-final nouns.
köken: From Old Swedish bȳr, bȳ (“village, farm, town”), from Old Norse býr. Cognate with Danish by (“town, city”, whence also Faroese býur with the same meaning), Norwegian Bokmål by (“town, city”) and Norwegian Nynorsk by (“town, city”).
gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below a powiat and a województwo) · gmina office (headquarters of such a district) · gmina authorities (people in charge of such a district)
çekim: çoğul gminy · tamlayan gminy
köken: Etymology tree German Gemeindebor. Polish gmina Borrowed from German Gemeinde. Doublet of gmin.
town, city (larger settlement with significant amenities)
çekim: çoğul kaupungit · tamlayan kaupungin
köken: Borrowed from Old Gutnish kaupungr (“marketplace”), from Old Norse kaupangr (whence also Swedish köping); ultimately derived from the same root as kauppa.