to pay back [with accusative ‘something’ and dative ‘to someone’] (also idiomatically translated by English reimburse or English refund (someone for something)) · to grant, to administer, to make, to do
çekim: geçmiş erstattete · ortaç erstattet · şimdiki erstattet · ulaç erstattend
çekim: geçmiş gered · ortaç gered · şimdiki redt · ulaç reddend
köken: From Middle Dutch redden, from Old Dutch *redden, from Proto-West Germanic *hraddjan, from Proto-Germanic *hradjaną. Equivalent to rad (“quick”) + -en (“deadjectival”) and shows the effect of historical umlaut.
aile: het redden, reddeloos, redder, redding, redmiddel
Hij wist zich ternauwernood uit het brandende wrak te redden.
to rescue, to save (to cause someone or something to avoid some danger) · to rescue, to save (to do something so as not to lose or to prevent someone from losing a good reputation or protect from misfortune, trouble) · to rescue, to save (to improve the situation or condition of something)
çekim: geçmiş ratowano · şimdiki ratuje
eş: ocalać, salwować
köken: Inherited from Old Polish retować. Per Boryś, the shift of re- > ra- in the 16th century is a hypercorrection to avoid a northern dialectal sound shift, supported by Długosz-Kurczabowa; Mańćzak refutes this and claims it is a regular alternation in Germanic loans and compares it warsztat.
to return · to send away, to deny access · to get back
çekim: geçmiş none · ortaç връ́щан · şimdiki връ́ща · ulaç връ́щащ
köken: From Proto-Slavic *vьrťаti, an intensive fientive derivative of Proto-Slavic *vьrtъ (“turn”) + *-jati. Nowadays, mostly has surpassed the earlier causative Bulgarian вратя (vratja) (from Old Church Slavonic вратити (vratiti)).