challenge, struggle · exertion in battle; martial conduct; (loosely) battle · proud and sauntering gait
köken: From چال (čâl, seemingly a variant of چل (čal), present stem of چلیدن (čalidan, “to walk, to go”)) + ـش (-eš). The modern sense of "challenge" is not found in Steingass, and the word in general seems quite rare in classical sources. The modern meaning may be a phono-semantic matching of English challenge or some other European language. Compare تنش (taneš, “tension”)
aile: چالشی
بفرمود شه تا دلیران روم نمایند چالش در آن مرز و بوم
çekim: geçmiş tartten · ortaç getart · şimdiki tart · ulaç tartend
köken: From Middle Dutch torten, tarten, terten, from Old Dutch *trotton, *tratton, further etymology unknown. Cognate with Middle High German tratzen, trotzen, tretzen, with the same variation in stem vowel.
to call out (to vocally beckon to come out) · to call out, to summon (to order into service; to ask to come; to send for) · to summon to give a curtain call (with applause, approving shouts, etc.)
to call out (outside of a specific place) · to call out (to a specific place) · to call upon, to officially call out (summon someone to give a formal account, evidence, etc.)
çekim: geçmiş olla välja kutsunud · ortaç välja kutsunud · şimdiki kutsub välja · ulaç välja kutsuv